Articles on machine learning in trading

Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) is an elegant global optimization method inspired by natural processes of species migration between islands within archipelagos. The algorithm is based on a simple yet powerful idea: high-quality solutions actively share their characteristics, while low-quality ones actively adopt new features, creating a natural flow of information from the best solutions to the worst. A unique adaptive mutation operator provides an excellent balance between exploration and exploitation. BBO demonstrates high efficiency on a variety of tasks.

This article introduces the DA-CG-LSTM algorithm, which offers new approaches to time series analysis and forecasting. It explains how innovative attention mechanisms and model flexibility can improve forecast accuracy.

The article delves into the implementation of a modified Forward Selection Component Analysis algorithm, drawing inspiration from the research presented in “Forward Selection Component Analysis: Algorithms and Applications” by Luca Puggini and Sean McLoone.

XLV is SPDR healthcare ETF and in an age where it is common to be bombarded by a wide array of traditional news items plus social media feeds, it can be pressing to select a data set for use with a model. We try to tackle this problem for this ETF by sizing up some of its critical data sets in MQL5.

We resume the topic of optimization by the scientific community. CoSO should not be viewed as a ready-made solution, but as a promising research platform. With proper development, CoSO can find its niche in tasks where adaptability and resilience to change are important, and computation time is not critical.

The Actor–Director–Critic framework is an evolution of the classic agent learning architecture. The article presents practical experience of its implementation and adaptation to financial market conditions.

The article explores the revolutionary Mamba/SSM neural network architecture for financial time series forecasting. We will consider a complete MQL5 implementation of a modern alternative to Transformer with linear complexity O(N) instead of quadratic O(N²). Selective State Space Models, hardware-aware optimizations, patching techniques, and advanced AdamW training methods are covered in detail. Practical test results showing an increase in accuracy from 62% to 71% while reducing training time from 45 to 8 minutes are included. A ready-made trading EA with auto learning and adaptive risk management for MetaTrader 5 is presented.

In this article, we introduce a modified version of stepwise feature selection, implemented in MQL5. This approach is based on the techniques outlined in Modern Data Mining Algorithms in C++ and CUDA C by Timothy Masters.

Trading is characterized by high demands on risk management discipline. The article presents an analysis of the main reasons for traders' failures and proposes a technical solution in the form of the CEnhancedRiskManager class for the MQL5 platform. It includes practical testing on an aggressive grid EA.

This article implements a Fenwick Tree (Binary Indexed Tree) for volume-aware money management inside an MQL5 Wizard Expert Advisor. We structure cumulative volume in O(log n) and apply four scaling modes—linear, conservative, aggressive, and mean-reversion—optionally gated by a lightweight 1D CNN. Practical tests compare the algorithm alone versus the CNN‑filtered approach to illustrate adaptive lot sizing and risk control under varying volume topologies.

The article describes an interesting approach to algorithmic trading based on symbolic mathematical equations instead of traditional machine learning "black boxes". The author demonstrates how to transform opaque neural networks into readable mathematical equations using the SymPy library and polynomial regression, allowing for a full understanding of the logic behind trading decisions. The approach combines the computational power of ML with the transparency of classical methods, giving traders the ability to analyze, adjust, and adapt models in real time.

The article discusses the adaptation and practical implementation of the ACEFormer framework using MQL5 in the context of algorithmic trading. It presents key architectural decisions, training features, and model testing results on real data.

The article provides production-ready entropy estimators (Shannon, plug-in, Lempel–Ziv, Kontoyiannis) operating on tick-rule–encoded sequences. It resolves three correctness and performance issues in the original code, verifies outputs against chapter references, and extends encoding with quantile and sigma options. Users gain reproducible results and markedly improved computation speed for large bar sets.

The article considers the classification model of Gaussian processes. We will start by studying its theoretical principles moving on to the practical development of the GP library in MQL5.

The article presents a new metaheuristic method based on the hunting strategies of Australian dingoes: group attack, chase, and scavenging. Let's see how the Dingo Optimization Algorithm (DOA) performs algorithmically.

In this article we present yet another custom MQL5 Signal Class that we are labelling ‘CSignalBTreeBayesian’. We are marrying the algorithm of a balanced tree with a neural network that is built on Bayesian principles to formulate yet another custom signal testable independently or with other signals thanks to the MQL5 Wizard.

A revolutionary approach to machine learning in trading through quantum computing. The article demonstrates a practical implementation of an adaptive QRC system with continuous retraining for predicting market movements in real time.

What if your trading strategies could learn from each other, like real fighters? Duelist Algorithm is a new optimization method where trading system parameters literally duel for the right to be called the best.

This article starts the MMAR pipeline on EURUSD M5 data. We load market data via the MetaTrader5 Python API and run partition-function analysis with non-overlapping intervals to test for multifractal scaling. The result is an evidence-based decision on fractality, a prerequisite for building MMAR and for choosing whether to proceed beyond GARCH.

Batch normalization is the pre-processing of data before it is fed into a machine learning algorithm, like a neural network. This is always done while being mindful of the type of Activation to be used by the algorithm. We therefore explore the different approaches that one can take in reaping the benefits of this, with the help of a wizard assembled Expert Advisor.

A new optimization method, the Bison Algorithm (BIA), uses two strategies, inspired by the behavior of bison, for solving continuous problems with a single objective function. The key features of BIA are two fundamental principles borrowed from the behavior of bison: the ability to move dynamically and a defensive strategy.

The article presents a new approach to creating trading systems based on quantum principles and artificial intelligence. The author describes the development of a unique neural network that goes beyond classical machine learning by combining quantum mechanics with modern AI architectures.

For this article we switch to a custom MQL5 Wizard class that examines entry Signals. Our custom class is ‘CSignalDSUDBN’ this time around, and is coded by combining the Disjoint Set Union algorithm with a Deep Belief network. As has been the case throughout these series, our model is testable with MQL5 Wizard-Assembled Expert Advisors that can be tuned with different trailing stops and money management classes.

Building on the partition function analysis from Part 1, this article deepens the theoretical foundation before completing the analytical pipeline. We first give a full treatment of the Hurst exponent: what it measures, what it implies about market memory, and why it matters for the MMAR. This is followed by an intuitive exploration of multifractal spectra and what f(α) reveals about volatility heterogeneity. We then move to implementation: extracting the scaling function τ(q), estimating H via R/S analysis, and fitting the multifractal spectrum across four candidate distributions. By the end, we have the complete parameter set needed to construct the MMAR process in Part 3. Part 2 of an eight-part series.

The DI crossover often triggers in ranges where +DI and -DI oscillate without persistence. We build a two-layer hybrid: Optuna's TPE optimizes a regime gate over ADXR threshold, DI lookback, and minimum DI separation to maximize signal precision on a held-out window, then a Random Forest uses eleven ADX-derived features to accept or scale entries via afml.bet_sizing. The result filters ranging-market bursts and calibrates position size on EURUSD H1.

This work presents an end-to-end pipeline: collect MetaTrader 5 data, engineer entropy/volatility/trend features, train a PyTorch classifier, and expose predictions through a Flask API. An MQL5 EA posts rolling prices each tick, receives probability and regime, and applies adaptive position sizing and stop distances. The result is a clear recipe for integrating ML inference with MetaTrader 5.

Downloading international monetary fund data in Python: Mining IMF data for use in macroeconomic currency strategies. How can macroeconomics help an ordinary and an algorithmic trader?

In this article, we shift from Python research to native MQL5 engineering. We build the first module of the MMAR library: a shared constants header, an SVD-based OLS regression class, a Generalized Hurst Exponent estimator, and the partition analysis engine that computes the partition function, extracts tau(q), estimates H via zero-crossing interpolation, and scores multifractality through three diagnostic tests. Tested on 500,000 bars of EURUSD M10, the engine correctly classifies the data as multifractal in under four seconds. Part 4 of an eight-part series. Part 5 fits the tau(q) curve to four candidate distributions via the Legendre transform.