MQL5交易工具（第八部分）：具备可拖拽与可最小化功能的增强型信息仪表盘
MetaTrader 5
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交易
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引言
在前一篇文章（第七部分）中，我们使用MetaQuotes Language 5（MQL5）开发了一款信息仪表盘，用于监控多品种持仓以及账户指标，例如“账户余额”、“净值”、“可用保证金”，同时具备可排序列与逗号分隔值（CSV）导出功能。在第八部分，我们对该仪表盘进行功能增强：新增可拖拽、可最小化特性，增加用于关闭、切换按钮和导出的交互按钮，同时加入鼠标悬停效果，带来更具动态的交互体验。本次升级依旧保留了实时持仓追踪以及表头发光特效。我们将涵盖以下主题：
到本文结束时，您将得到一个功能全面、易于使用的MQL5仪表盘，专门用于高效监控交易情况 —— 让我们正式开始！
理解增强版仪表盘的架构
我们将对第七部分的信息仪表盘进行升级，新增可拖拽与可最小化功能，同时加入交互按钮以及鼠标悬停效果，让该工具在管理多笔持仓时更加灵活、更便于使用。本次升级具备实际意义：拖拽功能支持将仪表盘移动至图表任意位置，避免分析界面杂乱；最小化选项可以减少屏幕占用；各类交互组件能够提供即时视觉反馈，在节奏快速的交易环境下，整体使用体验得以提升。
为实现以上效果，我们将加入用于拖拽、按钮点击的鼠标事件处理逻辑，保证仪表盘响应灵敏、适配性强，同时不丢失核心的持仓跟踪能力。我们还会在表头位置增设导出功能图标，方便用户快速找到该功能，同时保留键盘快捷键的操作方式。在新增这些增强特性的同时，我们将继续保留可排序表格与实时刷新能力，打造一款日常使用时直观又高效的工具。请先看我们预期实现的效果，之后再进入具体代码实现环节！
在MQL5中的实现
要在MQL5中对程序做功能增强，我们需要定义新的仪表盘组件，一般共包含4个组件。
//--- existing components #define HEADER_PANEL_TEXT "HEADER_PANEL_TEXT"//--- Header title label #define CLOSE_BUTTON "BUTTON_CLOSE" //--- Close button identifier #define EXPORT_BUTTON "BUTTON_EXPORT" //--- Export button identifier #define TOGGLE_BUTTON "BUTTON_TOGGLE" //--- Toggle (minimize/maximize) button //--- the rest of the components
我们首先新增宏定义（defines），用于支撑信息仪表盘的各项增强功能，为交互式用户界面（UI）元素设置标识名称。将"HEADER_PANEL_TEXT"定义为"HEADER_PANEL_TEXT"，用作仪表盘的标题文本标签，实现清晰的可视化表头。将"CLOSE_BUTTON"定义为"BUTTON_CLOSE"，为关闭仪表盘的按钮创建对象标识，可将仪表盘从图表上移除。将"EXPORT_BUTTON"定义为"BUTTON_EXPORT"，设置用于触发CSV数据导出的按钮，提升数据获取便利性。"TOGGLE_BUTTON"定义为"BUTTON_TOGGLE"，实现仪表盘最小化或最大化切换按钮，优化屏幕空间管理。
以上定义为新增交互组件提供规整统一的命名，为可拖拽和最小化的升级功能提供支持。接下来要做的是修改表头颜色层次，将其替换为MQL5中明确定义的颜色常量。
// Dashboard settings struct DashboardSettings { //--- Structure for dashboard settings int panel_x; //--- X-coordinate of panel int panel_y; //--- Y-coordinate of panel int row_height; //--- Height of each row int font_size; //--- Font size for labels string font; //--- Font type for labels color bg_color; //--- Background color of main panel color border_color; //--- Border color of panels color header_color; //--- Default color for header text color text_color; //--- Default color for text color section_bg_color; //--- Background color for header/footer panels int zorder_panel; //--- Z-order for main panel int zorder_subpanel; //--- Z-order for sub-panels int zorder_labels; //--- Z-order for labels int label_y_offset; //--- Y-offset for label positioning int label_x_offset; //--- X-offset for label positioning int header_x_distances[9]; //--- X-distances for header labels (9 columns) color header_shades[12]; //--- Array of header color shades for glow effect } settings = { //--- Initialize settings with default values 20, //--- panel_x 20, //--- panel_y 24, //--- row_height 11, //--- font_size "Calibri Bold", //--- font C'240,240,240', //--- bg_color (light gray) clrBlack, //--- border_color C'0,50,70', //--- header_color (dark teal) clrBlack, //--- text_color C'200,220,230', //--- section_bg_color (light blue-gray) 100, //--- zorder_panel 101, //--- zorder_subpanel 102, //--- zorder_labels 3, //--- label_y_offset 25, //--- label_x_offset {10, 120, 170, 220, 280, 330, 400, 470, 530}, //--- header_x_distances {clrBlack, clrRed, clrBlue, clrGreen, clrMagenta, clrDarkOrchid, clrDeepPink, clrSkyBlue, clrDodgerBlue, clrDarkViolet, clrOrange, clrCrimson} //--- header_shades }; //--- the previous one was as below /* //--- {C'0,0,0', C'255,0,0', C'0,255,0', C'0,0,255', C'255,255,0', C'0,255,255', C'255,0,255', C'255,255,255', C'255,0,255', C'0,255,255', C'255,255,0', C'0,0,255'} */
此处我们对"DashboardSettings"结构体进行增强，更新"header_shades"数组，优化表头发光特效，带来更好的视觉效果。此前，"header_shades"混合使用基础RGB 颜色（例如纯黑、红、绿、蓝、黄、青色、品红、白色）完成发光颜色循环。现在我们为"header_shades"精心选定12种颜色："clrBlack"、"clrRed"、"clrBlue"、"clrGreen"、"clrMagenta"、"clrDarkOrchid"、"clrDeepPink"、"clrSkyBlue"、"clrDodgerBlue"、"clrDarkViolet"、"clrOrange"和"clrCrimson"。
本次升级将提供一套更加丰富多变的配色方案，循环切换鲜亮且层次细腻的色调。在保留表头高亮发光特效功能的同时，提升仪表盘的视觉美观度。最后，我们新增更多全局变量，用于实现动态仪表盘，处理鼠标悬停状态与拖拽状态。
//--- added global variables int prev_num_symbols = 0; //--- Previous number of active symbols bool panel_is_visible = true; //--- Flag to control panel visibility bool panel_minimized = false; //--- Flag to control minimized state bool panel_dragging = false; //--- Flag to track if panel is being dragged int panel_drag_x = 0; //--- Mouse x-coordinate when drag starts int panel_drag_y = 0; //--- Mouse y-coordinate when drag starts int panel_start_x = 0; //--- Panel x-coordinate when drag starts int panel_start_y = 0; //--- Panel y-coordinate when drag starts int prev_mouse_state = 0; //--- Previous mouse state bool header_hovered = false; //--- Header hover state bool toggle_hovered = false; //--- Toggle button hover state bool close_hovered = false; //--- Close button hover state bool export_hovered = false; //--- Export button hover state int last_mouse_x = 0; //--- Last mouse x position int last_mouse_y = 0; //--- Last mouse y position bool prev_header_hovered = false; //--- Previous header hover state bool prev_toggle_hovered = false; //--- Previous toggle hover state bool prev_close_hovered = false; //--- Previous close button hover state bool prev_export_hovered = false; //--- Previous export button hover state
最后，我们引入更多全局变量，用以支持增强交互能力与拖拽功能。我们定义："prev_num_symbols"初始值为0，用于记录上一轮有效品种数量，实现面板动态尺寸调整；"panel_is_visible"初始值为true，用于控制仪表盘显示或隐藏；"panel_minimized"初始值为 false，管理面板的最小化状态。为实现拖拽功能，我们新增："panel_dragging"初始值false，标记拖拽进行状态；"panel_drag_x"和"panel_drag_y"初始值0，保存拖拽开始时刻的鼠标坐标；"panel_start_x"和"panel_start_y"初始值0，保存拖拽开始时刻面板自身的坐标。
将"prev_mouse_state"初始值设置为0，用来监测鼠标点击状态。针对鼠标悬停效果，我们定义："header_hovered"、"toggle_hovered"、"close_hovered"、"export_hovered"初始值均为false，分别记录表头与各个按钮的鼠标悬停状态；"last_mouse_x"和"last_mouse_y"初始值0，存储鼠标上一次的位置； "prev_header_hovered"、"prev_toggle_hovered"、"prev_close_hovered"、"prev_export_hovered"初始值均为false，用于检测悬停状态是否发生变化。
借助这些变量，我们就可以实现拖拽、最小化、鼠标悬停反馈这类动态UI交互效果。现在变量已经更新完毕，接下来我们同样对函数进行更新，对于对象创建逻辑做标准化处理，这样有助于进一步提高模块化程度。我们从创建标签的函数开始，为其新增工具提示 （tooltip）功能。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Creating label object | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ bool createLABEL(string objName, string txt, int xD, int yD, color clrTxt, int fontSize, string font, int anchor, string tooltip = "", bool selectable = false) { if(!ObjectCreate(0, objName, OBJ_LABEL, 0, 0, 0)) { //--- Creating label object Print(__FUNCTION__, ": Failed to create label '", objName, "'. Error code = ", GetLastError()); //--- Logging creation failure return(false); //--- Returning failure } ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, xD); //--- Setting x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, yD); //--- Setting y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_CORNER, CORNER_LEFT_UPPER); //--- Setting corner alignment ObjectSetString(0, objName, OBJPROP_TEXT, txt); //--- Setting text content ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_FONTSIZE, fontSize); //--- Setting font size ObjectSetString(0, objName, OBJPROP_FONT, font); //--- Setting font type ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_COLOR, clrTxt); //--- Setting text color ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_BACK, false); //--- Setting to foreground ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_STATE, selectable); //--- Setting selectable state ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_SELECTABLE, selectable); //--- Setting selectability ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_SELECTED, false); //--- Setting not selected ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_ANCHOR, anchor); //--- Setting anchor point ObjectSetInteger(0, objName, OBJPROP_ZORDER, settings.zorder_labels); //--- Setting z-order //--- added this tooltip feature ObjectSetString(0, objName, OBJPROP_TOOLTIP, tooltip == "" ? (selectable ? "Click to sort" : "Position data") : tooltip); //--- Setting tooltip text //--- //--- the existing was a hardcoded to this // ObjectSetString(0, objName, OBJPROP_TOOLTIP, selectable ? "Click to sort" : "Position data"); //--- Set tooltip //--- ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart return(true); //--- Returning success }
针对"createLABEL"函数，我们对tooltip逻辑做优化，使其更加灵活，能够复用于各类UI控件。此前工具提示属于硬编码实现：通过ObjectSetString将属性OBJPROP_TOOLTIP设置固定文本，可点击标签写死为“点击进行排序”，不可点击标签写死为“持仓数据”，自定义能力受限。本次修改新增一个"tooltip"参数，默认值为空字符串；并在"ObjectSetString"设置"OBJPROP_TOOLTIP"属性处使用三元条件判断：如果传入的 `tooltip` 参数为空，可点击标签默认显示 “点击进行排序”，其余标签默认显示 “持仓数据”；如果参数不为空，则直接使用传入的"tooltip"值。该改动可以为按钮类控件设置专属提示文字（例如“最小化仪表盘”或“关闭仪表盘”），同时保留表头、数据标签的默认提示。以此优化用户指引，提升交互的清晰度。
接下来，为了标准化面板创建逻辑，我们将把OnInit事件处理函数中内联式的对象创建调用，替换为独立函数，以此降低后续维护难度。我们采用的实现逻辑如下。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Creating rectangle object | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ bool createRectangle(string object_name, int x_distance, int y_distance, int x_size, int y_size, color background_color, color border_color = clrBlack) { if(!ObjectCreate(0, object_name, OBJ_RECTANGLE_LABEL, 0, 0, 0)) { //--- Creating rectangle object Print(__FUNCTION__, ": Failed to create Rectangle: '", object_name, "'. Error code = ", GetLastError()); //--- Logging creation failure return(false); //--- Returning failure } ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, x_distance); //--- Setting x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, y_distance); //--- Setting y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_XSIZE, x_size); //--- Setting width ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_YSIZE, y_size); //--- Setting height ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_CORNER, CORNER_LEFT_UPPER); //--- Setting corner alignment ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, background_color); //--- Setting background color ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_BORDER_COLOR, border_color); //--- Setting border color ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_BORDER_TYPE, BORDER_FLAT); //--- Setting border type ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_BACK, false); //--- Setting to foreground ObjectSetInteger(0, object_name, OBJPROP_ZORDER, settings.zorder_subpanel); //--- Setting z-order return(true); //--- Returning success }
这里，我们仅需创建布尔返回值类型的"createRectangle"函数，函数的定义结构与前面标签的实现保持一致。相关内容对您而言应该并不陌生，为节省篇幅，我们直接进入下一处更新：对计数函数做小幅修正，改变循环的遍历方向。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Counting total positions for a symbol | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ string countPositionsTotal(string symbol) { int totalPositions = 0; //--- Initializing position counter int count_Total_Pos = PositionsTotal(); //--- Getting total positions for(int i = count_Total_Pos - 1; i >= 0; i--) { //--- Iterating through positions ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(i); //--- Getting position ticket if(ticket > 0 && PositionSelectByTicket(ticket)) { //--- Checking if position selected if(PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) == symbol && (MagicNumber < 0 || PositionGetInteger(POSITION_MAGIC) == MagicNumber)) totalPositions++; //--- Checking symbol and magic } } return IntegerToString(totalPositions); //--- Returning total as string } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Counting buy or sell positions for a symbol | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ string countPositions(string symbol, ENUM_POSITION_TYPE pos_type) { int totalPositions = 0; //--- Initializing position counter int count_Total_Pos = PositionsTotal(); //--- Getting total positions for(int i = count_Total_Pos - 1; i >= 0; i--) { //--- Iterating through positions ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(i); //--- Getting position ticket if(ticket > 0 && PositionSelectByTicket(ticket)) { //--- Checking if position selected if(PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) == symbol && PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TYPE) == pos_type && (MagicNumber < 0 || PositionGetInteger(POSITION_MAGIC) == MagicNumber)) { //--- Checking symbol, type, magic totalPositions++; //--- Incrementing counter } } } return IntegerToString(totalPositions); //--- Returning total as string } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Counting pending orders for a symbol | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ string countOrders(string symbol) { int total = 0; //--- Initializing counter int tot = OrdersTotal(); //--- Getting total orders for(int i = tot - 1; i >= 0; i--) { //--- Iterating through orders ulong ticket = OrderGetTicket(i); //--- Getting order ticket if(ticket > 0 && OrderSelect(ticket)) { //--- Checking if order selected if(OrderGetString(ORDER_SYMBOL) == symbol && (MagicNumber < 0 || OrderGetInteger(ORDER_MAGIC) == MagicNumber)) total++; //--- Checking symbol and magic } } return IntegerToString(total); //--- Returning total as string } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Summing double property for positions of a symbol | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ string sumPositionDouble(string symbol, ENUM_POSITION_PROPERTY_DOUBLE prop) { double total = 0.0; //--- Initializing total int count_Total_Pos = PositionsTotal(); //--- Getting total positions for(int i = count_Total_Pos - 1; i >= 0; i--) { //--- Iterating through positions ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(i); //--- Getting position ticket if(ticket > 0 && PositionSelectByTicket(ticket)) { //--- Checking if position selected if(PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) == symbol && (MagicNumber < 0 || PositionGetInteger(POSITION_MAGIC) == MagicNumber)) { //--- Checking symbol and magic total += PositionGetDouble(prop); //--- Adding property value } } } return DoubleToString(total, 2); //--- Returning total as string } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Summing commission for positions of a symbol from history | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ double sumPositionCommission(string symbol) { double total_comm = 0.0; //--- Initializing total commission int pos_total = PositionsTotal(); //--- Getting total positions for(int p = 0; p < pos_total; p++) { //--- Iterating through positions ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(p); //--- Getting position ticket if(ticket > 0 && PositionSelectByTicket(ticket)) { //--- Checking if selected if(PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) == symbol && (MagicNumber < 0 || PositionGetInteger(POSITION_MAGIC) == MagicNumber)) { //--- Checking symbol and magic long pos_id = PositionGetInteger(POSITION_IDENTIFIER); //--- Getting position ID if(HistorySelectByPosition(pos_id)) { //--- Selecting history by position int deals_total = HistoryDealsTotal(); //--- Getting total deals for(int d = 0; d < deals_total; d++) { //--- Iterating through deals ulong deal_ticket = HistoryDealGetTicket(d); //--- Getting deal ticket if(deal_ticket > 0) { //--- Checking valid total_comm += HistoryDealGetDouble(deal_ticket, DEAL_COMMISSION); //--- Adding commission } } } } } } return total_comm; //--- Returning total commission } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Collecting active symbols with positions or orders | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void CollectActiveSymbols() { string symbols_temp[]; //--- Temporary array for symbols int added = 0; //--- Counter for added symbols // Collecting from positions int pos_total = PositionsTotal(); //--- Getting total positions for(int i = pos_total - 1; i >= 0; i--) { //--- Iterating through positions ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(i); //--- Getting position ticket if(ticket > 0 && PositionSelectByTicket(ticket)) { //--- Checking if position selected if(MagicNumber < 0 || PositionGetInteger(POSITION_MAGIC) == MagicNumber) { //--- Checking magic number string sym = PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL); //--- Getting symbol bool found = false; //--- Flag for symbol found for(int k = 0; k < added; k++) { //--- Checking existing symbols if(symbols_temp[k] == sym) { //--- Symbol already added found = true; //--- Setting found flag break; //--- Exiting loop } } if(!found) { //--- If not found ArrayResize(symbols_temp, added + 1); //--- Resizing array symbols_temp[added] = sym; //--- Adding symbol added++; //--- Incrementing counter } } } } // Collecting from orders int ord_total = OrdersTotal(); //--- Getting total orders for(int i = ord_total - 1; i >= 0; i--) { //--- Iterating through orders ulong ticket = OrderGetTicket(i); //--- Getting order ticket if(ticket > 0 && OrderSelect(ticket)) { //--- Checking if order selected if(MagicNumber < 0 || OrderGetInteger(ORDER_MAGIC) == MagicNumber) { //--- Checking magic number string sym = OrderGetString(ORDER_SYMBOL); //--- Getting symbol bool found = false; //--- Flag for symbol found for(int k = 0; k < added; k++) { //--- Checking existing symbols if(symbols_temp[k] == sym) { //--- Symbol already added found = true; //--- Setting found flag break; //--- Exiting loop } } if(!found) { //--- If not found ArrayResize(symbols_temp, added + 1); //--- Resizing array symbols_temp[added] = sym; //--- Adding symbol added++; //--- Incrementing counter } } } } // Setting symbol_data ArrayResize(symbol_data, added); //--- Resizing symbol data array for(int i = 0; i < added; i++) { //--- Iterating through added symbols symbol_data[i].name = symbols_temp[i]; //--- Setting symbol name symbol_data[i].buys = 0; //--- Initializing buys symbol_data[i].sells = 0; //--- Initializing sells symbol_data[i].trades = 0; //--- Initializing trades symbol_data[i].lots = 0.0; //--- Initializing lots symbol_data[i].profit = 0.0; //--- Initializing profit symbol_data[i].pending = 0; //--- Initializing pending symbol_data[i].swaps = 0.0; //--- Initializing swaps symbol_data[i].comm = 0.0; //--- Initializing commission symbol_data[i].buys_str = "0"; //--- Initializing buys string symbol_data[i].sells_str = "0"; //--- Initializing sells string symbol_data[i].trades_str = "0"; //--- Initializing trades string symbol_data[i].lots_str = "0.00"; //--- Initializing lots string symbol_data[i].profit_str = "0.00"; //--- Initializing profit string symbol_data[i].pending_str = "0"; //--- Initializing pending string symbol_data[i].swaps_str = "0.00"; //--- Initializing swaps string symbol_data[i].comm_str = "0.00"; //--- Initializing commission string } }
为加固计数函数的逻辑，我们将循环遍历方向由正向递增循环改为反向递减循环，这种方式在MQL5中通常更为安全，当然您也可以选择保留原来的方式。除此之外，在选取订单与持仓之前增加了订单单号校验，避免迭代过程中因无效单号或列表发生改动而产生潜在错误。由于我们需要完整的动态效果，我们把仪表盘的初始化创建逻辑封装到独立函数中，并且拆分为两个函数：一个用于面板最大化状态下的创建，另一个用于面板最小化状态下的创建。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Creating full dashboard UI | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void createFullDashboard() { CollectActiveSymbols(); //--- Collecting active symbols int num_rows = ArraySize(symbol_data); //--- Getting number of rows int num_columns = ArraySize(headers); //--- Getting number of columns int column_width_sum = 0; //--- Initializing column width sum for(int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) //--- Iterating through columns column_width_sum += column_widths[i]; //--- Adding column width int panel_width = MathMax(settings.header_x_distances[num_columns - 1] + column_widths[num_columns - 1], column_width_sum) + 20 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Calculating panel width // Creating main panel string panel_name = PREFIX + PANEL; //--- Defining main panel name createRectangle(panel_name, settings.panel_x, settings.panel_y, panel_width, (num_rows + 3) * settings.row_height, settings.bg_color, settings.border_color); //--- Creating main panel // Creating header panel string header_panel = PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL; //--- Defining header panel name createRectangle(header_panel, settings.panel_x, settings.panel_y, panel_width, settings.row_height, settings.section_bg_color, settings.border_color); //--- Creating header panel // Creating header title createLABEL(PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL_TEXT, "Trading Dashboard", settings.panel_x + 10, settings.panel_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset, clrBlack, 14, settings.font, ANCHOR_LEFT, "Dashboard Title"); //--- Creating header title // Creating export button createLABEL(PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, CharToString(60), settings.panel_x + panel_width - 90, settings.panel_y + 12, clrBlack, 18, "Wingdings", ANCHOR_CENTER, "Click to export or press 'E' key to export", true); //--- Creating export button // Creating toggle button createLABEL(PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, CharToString('r'), settings.panel_x + panel_width - 60, settings.panel_y + 12, clrBlack, 18, "Wingdings", ANCHOR_CENTER, "Minimize dashboard", true); //--- Creating toggle button // Creating close button createLABEL(PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, CharToString('r'), settings.panel_x + panel_width - 30, settings.panel_y + 12, clrBlack, 18, "Webdings", ANCHOR_CENTER, "Close dashboard", true); //--- Creating close button // Creating headers int header_y = settings.panel_y + settings.row_height + 8 + settings.label_y_offset; //--- Calculating header y-coordinate for(int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) { //--- Iterating through headers string header_name = PREFIX + HEADER + IntegerToString(i); //--- Defining header label name int header_x = settings.panel_x + settings.header_x_distances[i] + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Calculating header x-coordinate createLABEL(header_name, headers[i], header_x, header_y, settings.header_color, 12, settings.font, ANCHOR_LEFT, "Click to sort", true); //--- Creating header label } // Creating symbol and data labels int first_row_y = header_y + settings.row_height; //--- Calculating first row y-coordinate int symbol_x = settings.panel_x + 10 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting symbol x-coordinate for(int i = 0; i < num_rows; i++) { //--- Iterating through rows string symbol_name = PREFIX + SYMB + IntegerToString(i); //--- Defining symbol label name createLABEL(symbol_name, symbol_data[i].name, symbol_x, first_row_y + i * settings.row_height + settings.label_y_offset, settings.text_color, settings.font_size, settings.font, ANCHOR_LEFT, "Symbol name"); //--- Creating symbol label int x_offset = settings.panel_x + 10 + column_widths[0] + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting data x-offset for(int j = 0; j < num_columns - 1; j++) { //--- Iterating through data columns string data_name = PREFIX + DATA + IntegerToString(i) + "_" + IntegerToString(j); //--- Defining data label name color initial_color = data_default_colors[j]; //--- Setting initial color string initial_txt = (j <= 2 || j == 5) ? "0" : "0.00"; //--- Setting initial text createLABEL(data_name, initial_txt, x_offset, first_row_y + i * settings.row_height + settings.label_y_offset, initial_color, settings.font_size, settings.font, ANCHOR_RIGHT, "Data value"); //--- Creating data label x_offset += column_widths[j + 1]; //--- Updating x-offset } } // Creating footer panel int footer_y = settings.panel_y + (num_rows + 3) * settings.row_height - settings.row_height; //--- Calculating footer y-coordinate string footer_panel = PREFIX + FOOTER_PANEL; //--- Defining footer panel name createRectangle(footer_panel, settings.panel_x, footer_y, panel_width, settings.row_height, settings.section_bg_color, settings.border_color); //--- Creating footer panel // Creating footer text and data int footer_text_x = settings.panel_x + 10 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting footer text x-coordinate createLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_TEXT, "Total:", footer_text_x, footer_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset, settings.text_color, settings.font_size, settings.font, ANCHOR_LEFT, "Totals"); //--- Creating footer text label int x_offset = settings.panel_x + 10 + column_widths[0] + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting footer data x-offset for(int j = 0; j < num_columns - 1; j++) { //--- Iterating through footer data string footer_data_name = PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + IntegerToString(j); //--- Defining footer data label name color footer_color = data_default_colors[j]; //--- Setting footer data color string initial_txt = (j <= 2 || j == 5) ? "0" : "0.00"; //--- Setting initial text createLABEL(footer_data_name, initial_txt, x_offset, footer_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset, footer_color, settings.font_size, settings.font, ANCHOR_RIGHT, "Total value"); //--- Creating footer data label x_offset += column_widths[j + 1]; //--- Updating x-offset } // Creating account panel int account_panel_y = footer_y + settings.row_height + 5; //--- Calculating account panel y-coordinate string account_panel_name = PREFIX + ACCOUNT_PANEL; //--- Defining account panel name createRectangle(account_panel_name, settings.panel_x, account_panel_y, panel_width, settings.row_height, settings.section_bg_color, settings.border_color); //--- Creating account panel // Creating account text and data labels int acc_x = settings.panel_x + 10 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting account label x-coordinate int acc_data_offset = 160; //--- Setting data offset int acc_spacing = (panel_width - 45) / ArraySize(account_items); //--- Calculating spacing for(int k = 0; k < ArraySize(account_items); k++) { //--- Iterating through account items string acc_text_name = PREFIX + ACC_TEXT + IntegerToString(k); //--- Defining account text label name int text_x = acc_x + k * acc_spacing; //--- Calculating text x-coordinate createLABEL(acc_text_name, account_items[k] + ":", text_x, account_panel_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset, settings.text_color, settings.font_size, settings.font, ANCHOR_LEFT, "Account info"); //--- Creating account text label string acc_data_name = PREFIX + ACC_DATA + IntegerToString(k); //--- Defining account data label name int data_x = text_x + acc_data_offset; //--- Calculating data x-coordinate createLABEL(acc_data_name, "0.00", data_x, account_panel_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset, settings.text_color, settings.font_size, settings.font, ANCHOR_RIGHT, "Account value"); //--- Creating account data label } ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Creating minimized dashboard UI | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void createMinimizedDashboard() { int num_columns = ArraySize(headers); //--- Getting number of columns int column_width_sum = 0; //--- Initializing column width sum for(int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) //--- Iterating through columns column_width_sum += column_widths[i]; //--- Adding column width int panel_width = MathMax(settings.header_x_distances[num_columns - 1] + column_widths[num_columns - 1], column_width_sum) + 20 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Calculating panel width // Creating header panel createRectangle(PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, settings.panel_x, settings.panel_y, panel_width, settings.row_height, settings.section_bg_color, settings.border_color); //--- Creating header panel // Creating header title createLABEL(PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL_TEXT, "Trading Dashboard", settings.panel_x + 10, settings.panel_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset, clrBlack, 14, settings.font, ANCHOR_LEFT, "Dashboard Title"); //--- Creating header title // Creating export button createLABEL(PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, CharToString(60), settings.panel_x + panel_width - 90, settings.panel_y + 12, clrBlack, 18, "Wingdings", ANCHOR_CENTER, "Click to export or press 'E' key to export", true); //--- Creating export button // Creating toggle button (maximize) createLABEL(PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, CharToString('o'), settings.panel_x + panel_width - 60, settings.panel_y + 12, clrBlack, 18, "Wingdings", ANCHOR_CENTER, "Maximize dashboard", true); //--- Creating toggle button // Creating close button createLABEL(PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, CharToString('r'), settings.panel_x + panel_width - 30, settings.panel_y + 12, clrBlack, 18, "Webdings", ANCHOR_CENTER, "Close dashboard", true); //--- Creating close button ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Deleting all dashboard objects | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void deleteAllObjects() { ObjectsDeleteAll(0, PREFIX, -1, -1); //--- Deleting all objects with prefix }
我们实现"createFullDashboard"、"createMinimizedDashboard"和"deleteAllObjects"这三个函数，用于管理用户界面，分别支持完整视图、最小化视图以及各类交互控件。在"createFullDashboard"函数内部，调用"CollectActiveSymbols"填充"symbol_data"数组；借助ArraySize计算出行数"num_rows"与列数"num_columns"；再结合"column_widths"和"settings.header_x_distances"计算得到面板宽度"panel_width"。通过"createRectangle"创建主面板，对象名称为"PREFIX + PANEL"；创建表头面板，对象名称为"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL"；调用"createLABEL"创建表头标题，对象名称为"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL_TEXT"，标题文本为 “Trading Dashboard（交易仪表盘）”。
我们调用"createLABEL"函数创建按钮："PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON"（Wingdings字体，字符代码60）、"PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON"（Wingdings 字体，字符r，用于最小化）和"PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON"（Webdings字体，字符r）。全部按钮均设置专属工具提示，同时开启可点击属性（selectable = true）。图标样式可由您自行选择。下面给出一套可直接使用的字体精简示例，只需使用正确的符号与字符即可。
接下来，我们在计算得出的坐标位置创建表头标签集合"headers"；创建品种标签，内容取自"symbol_data[i].name"；创建带初始值的数据标签；随后创建页脚面板"PREFIX + FOOTER_PANEL"、页脚文本“Total:”以及页脚数据标签；再创建账户面板（对象名"PREFIX + ACCOUNT_PANEL"），并为"account_items"创建各项账户信息标签。以上全部通过"createRectangle"与"createLABEL"完成，配置合适的坐标与颜色，最后调用ChartRedraw函数刷新图表。
在"createMinimizedDashboard"函数中，构建精简界面：仅保留表头面板，通过"createRectangle"创建"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL"；调用"createLABEL"生成"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL_TEXT"；同时创建导出按钮（Wingdings 字体，字符代码60）、切换按钮（Wingdings字体，字符o，用于最大化）、关闭按钮（Webdings字体，字符r），最大限度节省屏幕占用，完成后执行重绘。
"deleteAllObjects"函数借助ObjectsDeleteAll，配合对象名前缀"PREFIX"，删除全部图表上所有类型的仪表盘相关对象，保证界面更新或者关闭时环境干净无残留。以上函数使得仪表盘可以灵活在完整模式、最小化模式之间切换，同时支持拖拽、面板状态切换等用户交互。现在，我们就使用这套动态函数，对仪表盘主逻辑函数进行更新。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Updating dashboard data and visuals | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void UpdateDashboard() { bool needs_redraw = false; //--- Initializing redraw flag CollectActiveSymbols(); //--- Collecting active symbols int current_num = ArraySize(symbol_data); //--- Getting current number of symbols if(current_num != prev_num_symbols) { //--- Checking if symbol count changed deleteAllObjects(); //--- Deleting all objects if(panel_minimized) { //--- Checking if minimized createMinimizedDashboard(); //--- Creating minimized dashboard } else { createFullDashboard(); //--- Creating full dashboard } prev_num_symbols = current_num; //--- Updating previous symbol count needs_redraw = true; //--- Setting redraw flag } if(!panel_is_visible || panel_minimized) return; //--- Exiting if not visible or minimized // Resetting totals totalBuys = 0; //--- Resetting total buys totalSells = 0; //--- Resetting total sells totalTrades = 0; //--- Resetting total trades totalLots = 0.0; //--- Resetting total lots totalProfit = 0.0; //--- Resetting total profit totalPending = 0; //--- Resetting total pending totalSwap = 0.0; //--- Resetting total swap totalComm = 0.0; //--- Resetting total commission // Calculating symbol data and totals for(int i = 0; i < current_num; i++) { //--- Iterating through symbols string symbol = symbol_data[i].name; //--- Getting symbol name for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { //--- Iterating through data columns string value = ""; //--- Initializing value color data_color = data_default_colors[j]; //--- Setting default color double dval = 0.0; //--- Initializing double value int ival = 0; //--- Initializing integer value switch(j) { //--- Handling data type case 0: // Buy positions value = countPositions(symbol, POSITION_TYPE_BUY); //--- Getting buy positions ival = (int)StringToInteger(value); //--- Converting to integer if(value != symbol_data[i].buys_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].buys_str = value; //--- Updating buys string symbol_data[i].buys = ival; //--- Updating buys count } totalBuys += ival; //--- Adding to total buys break; case 1: // Sell positions value = countPositions(symbol, POSITION_TYPE_SELL); //--- Getting sell positions ival = (int)StringToInteger(value); //--- Converting to integer if(value != symbol_data[i].sells_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].sells_str = value; //--- Updating sells string symbol_data[i].sells = ival; //--- Updating sells count } totalSells += ival; //--- Adding to total sells break; case 2: // Total trades value = countPositionsTotal(symbol); //--- Getting total trades ival = (int)StringToInteger(value); //--- Converting to integer if(value != symbol_data[i].trades_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].trades_str = value; //--- Updating trades string symbol_data[i].trades = ival; //--- Updating trades count } totalTrades += ival; //--- Adding to total trades break; case 3: // Lots value = sumPositionDouble(symbol, POSITION_VOLUME); //--- Getting total lots dval = StringToDouble(value); //--- Converting to double if(value != symbol_data[i].lots_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].lots_str = value; //--- Updating lots string symbol_data[i].lots = dval; //--- Updating lots value } totalLots += dval; //--- Adding to total lots break; case 4: // Profit value = sumPositionDouble(symbol, POSITION_PROFIT); //--- Getting total profit dval = StringToDouble(value); //--- Converting to double data_color = (dval > 0) ? clrGreen : (dval < 0) ? clrRed : clrGray; //--- Setting color based on value if(value != symbol_data[i].profit_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].profit_str = value; //--- Updating profit string symbol_data[i].profit = dval; //--- Updating profit value } totalProfit += dval; //--- Adding to total profit break; case 5: // Pending value = countOrders(symbol); //--- Getting pending orders ival = (int)StringToInteger(value); //--- Converting to integer if(value != symbol_data[i].pending_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].pending_str = value; //--- Updating pending string symbol_data[i].pending = ival; //--- Updating pending count } totalPending += ival; //--- Adding to total pending break; case 6: // Swap value = sumPositionDouble(symbol, POSITION_SWAP); //--- Getting total swap dval = StringToDouble(value); //--- Converting to double data_color = (dval > 0) ? clrGreen : (dval < 0) ? clrRed : clrPurple; //--- Setting color based on value if(value != symbol_data[i].swaps_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].swaps_str = value; //--- Updating swap string symbol_data[i].swaps = dval; //--- Updating swap value } totalSwap += dval; //--- Adding to total swap break; case 7: // Comm dval = sumPositionCommission(symbol); //--- Getting total commission value = DoubleToString(dval, 2); //--- Formatting commission data_color = (dval > 0) ? clrGreen : (dval < 0) ? clrRed : clrBrown; //--- Setting color based on value if(value != symbol_data[i].comm_str) { //--- Checking if changed symbol_data[i].comm_str = value; //--- Updating commission string symbol_data[i].comm = dval; //--- Updating commission value } totalComm += dval; //--- Adding to total commission break; } } } // Sort after calculating values SortDashboard(); //--- Sorting dashboard data // Update header breathing effect glow_counter += MathMax(UpdateIntervalMs, 10); //--- Incrementing glow counter if(glow_counter >= GLOW_INTERVAL_MS) { //--- Checking if glow interval reached if(glow_direction) { //--- Checking if glowing forward glow_index++; //--- Incrementing glow index if(glow_index >= ArraySize(settings.header_shades) - 1) //--- Checking if at end glow_direction = false; //--- Reversing glow direction } else { //--- Glow backward glow_index--; //--- Decrementing glow index if(glow_index <= 0) //--- Checking if at start glow_direction = true; //--- Reversing glow direction } glow_counter = 0; //--- Resetting glow counter } color header_shade = settings.header_shades[glow_index]; //--- Getting current header shade for(int i = 0; i < ArraySize(headers); i++) { //--- Iterating through headers string header_name = PREFIX + HEADER + IntegerToString(i); //--- Defining header name ObjectSetInteger(0, header_name, OBJPROP_COLOR, header_shade); //--- Updating header color needs_redraw = true; //--- Setting redraw flag } // Update symbol and data labels bool labels_updated = false; //--- Initializing label update flag for(int i = 0; i < current_num; i++) { //--- Iterating through symbols string symbol = symbol_data[i].name; //--- Getting symbol name string symb_name = PREFIX + SYMB + IntegerToString(i); //--- Defining symbol label name string current_symb_txt = ObjectGetString(0, symb_name, OBJPROP_TEXT); //--- Getting current symbol text if(current_symb_txt != symbol) { //--- Checking if symbol changed ObjectSetString(0, symb_name, OBJPROP_TEXT, symbol); //--- Updating symbol text labels_updated = true; //--- Setting label updated flag } for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { //--- Iterating through data columns string data_name = PREFIX + DATA + IntegerToString(i) + "_" + IntegerToString(j); //--- Defining data label name string value; //--- Initializing value color data_color = data_default_colors[j]; //--- Setting default color switch(j) { //--- Handling data type case 0: //--- Buy positions value = symbol_data[i].buys_str; //--- Getting buys string data_color = clrRed; //--- Setting color to red break; case 1: //--- Sell positions value = symbol_data[i].sells_str; //--- Getting sells string data_color = clrGreen; //--- Setting color to green break; case 2: // Total trades value = symbol_data[i].trades_str; data_color = clrDarkGray; break; case 3: //--- Lots value = symbol_data[i].lots_str; //--- Getting lots string data_color = clrOrange; //--- Setting color to orange break; case 4: //--- Profit value = symbol_data[i].profit_str; //--- Getting profit string data_color = (symbol_data[i].profit > 0) ? clrGreen : (symbol_data[i].profit < 0) ? clrRed : clrGray; //--- Setting color based on profit break; case 5: //--- Pending value = symbol_data[i].pending_str; //--- Getting pending string data_color = clrBlue; //--- Setting color to blue break; case 6: //--- Swap value = symbol_data[i].swaps_str; //--- Getting swap string data_color = (symbol_data[i].swaps > 0) ? clrGreen : (symbol_data[i].swaps < 0) ? clrRed : clrPurple; //--- Setting color based on swap break; case 7: //--- Comm value = symbol_data[i].comm_str; //--- Getting commission string data_color = (symbol_data[i].comm > 0) ? clrGreen : (symbol_data[i].comm < 0) ? clrRed : clrBrown; //--- Setting color based on commission break; } if(updateLABEL(data_name, value, data_color)) labels_updated = true; //--- Updating label if changed } } if(labels_updated) needs_redraw = true; //--- Setting redraw flag if labels updated // Updating totals string new_total_buys = IntegerToString(totalBuys); //--- Formatting total buys if(new_total_buys != total_buys_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_buys_str = new_total_buys; //--- Updating buys string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "0", new_total_buys, clrRed)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_total_sells = IntegerToString(totalSells); //--- Formatting total sells if(new_total_sells != total_sells_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_sells_str = new_total_sells; //--- Updating sells string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "1", new_total_sells, clrGreen)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_total_trades = IntegerToString(totalTrades); //--- Formatting total trades if(new_total_trades != total_trades_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_trades_str = new_total_trades; //--- Updating trades string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "2", new_total_trades, clrDarkGray)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_total_lots = DoubleToString(totalLots, 2); //--- Formatting total lots if(new_total_lots != total_lots_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_lots_str = new_total_lots; //--- Updating lots string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "3", new_total_lots, clrOrange)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_total_profit = DoubleToString(totalProfit, 2); //--- Formatting total profit color total_profit_color = (totalProfit > 0) ? clrGreen : (totalProfit < 0) ? clrRed : clrGray; //--- Setting color based on profit if(new_total_profit != total_profit_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_profit_str = new_total_profit; //--- Updating profit string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "4", new_total_profit, total_profit_color)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_total_pending = IntegerToString(totalPending); //--- Formatting total pending if(new_total_pending != total_pending_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_pending_str = new_total_pending; //--- Updating pending string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "5", new_total_pending, clrBlue)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_total_swap = DoubleToString(totalSwap, 2); //--- Formatting total swap color total_swap_color = (totalSwap > 0) ? clrGreen : (totalSwap < 0) ? clrRed : clrPurple; //--- Setting color based on swap if(new_total_swap != total_swap_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_swap_str = new_total_swap; //--- Updating swap string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "6", new_total_swap, total_swap_color)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_total_comm = DoubleToString(totalComm, 2); //--- Formatting total commission color total_comm_color = (totalComm > 0) ? clrGreen : (totalComm < 0) ? clrRed : clrBrown; //--- Setting color based on commission if(new_total_comm != total_comm_str) { //--- Checking if changed total_comm_str = new_total_comm; //--- Updating commission string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + "7", new_total_comm, total_comm_color)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } // Updating account info double balance = AccountInfoDouble(ACCOUNT_BALANCE); //--- Getting account balance double equity = AccountInfoDouble(ACCOUNT_EQUITY); //--- Getting account equity double free_margin = AccountInfoDouble(ACCOUNT_MARGIN_FREE); //--- Getting free margin string new_bal = DoubleToString(balance, 2); //--- Formatting balance if(new_bal != acc_bal_str) { //--- Checking if changed acc_bal_str = new_bal; //--- Updating balance string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + ACC_DATA + "0", new_bal, clrBlack)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_eq = DoubleToString(equity, 2); //--- Formatting equity color eq_color = (equity > balance) ? clrGreen : (equity < balance) ? clrRed : clrBlack; //--- Setting color based on equity if(new_eq != acc_eq_str) { //--- Checking if changed acc_eq_str = new_eq; //--- Updating equity string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + ACC_DATA + "1", new_eq, eq_color)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } string new_free = DoubleToString(free_margin, 2); //--- Formatting free margin if(new_free != acc_free_str) { //--- Checking if changed acc_free_str = new_free; //--- Updating free margin string if(updateLABEL(PREFIX + ACC_DATA + "2", new_free, clrBlack)) needs_redraw = true; //--- Updating label } if(needs_redraw) { //--- Checking if redraw needed ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } }
在"UpdateDashboard"函数开头加入对"CollectActiveSymbols"的调用，以此保证总计、余额类字段能够始终得到更新。当交易品种数量发生变化时，调用"deleteAllObjects"销毁现有仪表盘，再通过"createFullDashboard"或"createMinimizedDashboard"函数重新构建界面。在数据计算循环内部，补充完善盈利、隔夜利息、手续费的颜色渲染逻辑，该部分此前代码并不完整。文中已经标出所有改动区域，便于识别和阅读。最后，我们可以在初始化环节调用这套业务逻辑，查看本阶段的开发成果。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Initializing expert | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ int OnInit() { createFullDashboard(); //--- Creating full dashboard prev_num_symbols = ArraySize(symbol_data); //--- Setting initial symbol count ChartSetInteger(0, CHART_EVENT_MOUSE_MOVE, true); //--- Enabling mouse move events EventSetMillisecondTimer(MathMax(UpdateIntervalMs, 10)); //--- Setting timer with minimum 10ms UpdateDashboard(); //--- Updating dashboard return(INIT_SUCCEEDED); //--- Returning success } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Deinitializing expert | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void OnDeinit(const int reason) { deleteAllObjects(); //--- Deleting all objects ChartSetInteger(0, CHART_EVENT_MOUSE_MOVE, false); //--- Disabling mouse move events EventKillTimer(); //--- Stopping timer } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Handling timer for millisecond-based updates | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void OnTimer() { if(panel_is_visible && !panel_minimized) { //--- Checking if visible and not minimized UpdateDashboard(); //--- Updating dashboard } }
这里我们实现OnInit、"OnDeinit"和"OnTimer"事件处理器，用于管理仪表盘的生命周期与数据刷新，以此实现交互与动态功能。在"OnInit"函数中：调用"createFullDashboard"创建完整用户界面；使用ArraySize获取"symbol_data"数组的大小并赋值给"prev_num_symbols"，记录初始的持仓品种数量；通过ChartSetInteger将CHART_EVENT_MOUSE_MOVE设置为 true，开启鼠标移动事件，用于实现拖拽与鼠标悬停效果；调用 EventSetMillisecondTimer设置毫秒级定时器，定时器周期取"UpdateIntervalMs"与10ms两者中的较大值，用于周期性刷新；调用"UpdateDashboard"填充初始显示数据；最后返回"INIT_SUCCEEDED"，代表初始化执行成功。
OnDeinit函数负责资源清理工作：调用"deleteAllObjects" ，依据前缀"PREFIX"删除全部仪表盘相关图面对象；通过"ChartSetInteger"将"CHART_EVENT_MOUSE_MOVE"设置为false，关闭鼠标移动事件；调用 EventKillTimer停止定时器，释放程序资源。
在OnTimer函数中，判断条件："panel_is_visible"为 true，并且"panel_minimized"为 false；只有仪表盘处于完整显示状态时，才调用"UpdateDashboard"刷新数据。以此保证刷新逻辑高效，面板最小化或隐藏状态下不再执行数据处理。编译后，呈现如下效果：
由图可见，各项新功能已经可以正常展示。现在，我们要实现一个函数，在拖拽过程中更新面板坐标位置，以此避免反复重建绘图对象。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Updating panel object positions | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void updatePanelPositions() { int num_rows = ArraySize(symbol_data); //--- Getting number of rows int num_columns = ArraySize(headers); //--- Getting number of columns int column_width_sum = 0; //--- Initializing column width sum for(int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) //--- Iterating through columns column_width_sum += column_widths[i]; //--- Adding column width int panel_width = MathMax(settings.header_x_distances[num_columns - 1] + column_widths[num_columns - 1], column_width_sum) + 20 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Calculating panel width // Updating header panel and buttons ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x); //--- Updating header panel x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, settings.panel_y); //--- Updating header panel y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL_TEXT, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x + 10); //--- Updating header text x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL_TEXT, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, settings.panel_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset); //--- Updating header text y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x + panel_width - 90); //--- Updating export button x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, settings.panel_y + 12); //--- Updating export button y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x + panel_width - 60); //--- Updating toggle button x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, settings.panel_y + 12); //--- Updating toggle button y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x + panel_width - 30); //--- Updating close button x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, settings.panel_y + 12); //--- Updating close button y-coordinate if(!panel_minimized) { //--- Checking if not minimized // Updating main panel ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + PANEL, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x); //--- Updating main panel x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + PANEL, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, settings.panel_y); //--- Updating main panel y-coordinate // Updating headers int header_y = settings.panel_y + settings.row_height + 8 + settings.label_y_offset; //--- Calculating header y-coordinate for(int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) { //--- Iterating through headers string header_name = PREFIX + HEADER + IntegerToString(i); //--- Defining header name int header_x = settings.panel_x + settings.header_x_distances[i] + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Calculating header x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, header_name, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, header_x); //--- Updating header x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, header_name, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, header_y); //--- Updating header y-coordinate } // Updating symbol and data labels int first_row_y = header_y + settings.row_height; //--- Calculating first row y-coordinate int symbol_x = settings.panel_x + 10 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting symbol x-coordinate for(int i = 0; i < num_rows; i++) { //--- Iterating through rows string symbol_name = PREFIX + SYMB + IntegerToString(i); //--- Defining symbol label name ObjectSetInteger(0, symbol_name, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, symbol_x); //--- Updating symbol x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, symbol_name, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, first_row_y + i * settings.row_height + settings.label_y_offset); //--- Updating symbol y-coordinate int x_offset = settings.panel_x + 10 + column_widths[0] + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting data x-offset for(int j = 0; j < num_columns - 1; j++) { //--- Iterating through data columns string data_name = PREFIX + DATA + IntegerToString(i) + "_" + IntegerToString(j); //--- Defining data label name ObjectSetInteger(0, data_name, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, x_offset); //--- Updating data x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, data_name, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, first_row_y + i * settings.row_height + settings.label_y_offset); //--- Updating data y-coordinate x_offset += column_widths[j + 1]; //--- Updating x-offset } } // Updating footer panel and labels int footer_y = settings.panel_y + (num_rows + 3) * settings.row_height - settings.row_height; //--- Calculating footer y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + FOOTER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x); //--- Updating footer panel x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + FOOTER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, footer_y); //--- Updating footer panel y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + FOOTER_TEXT, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x + 10 + settings.label_x_offset); //--- Updating footer text x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + FOOTER_TEXT, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, footer_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset); //--- Updating footer text y-coordinate int x_offset = settings.panel_x + 10 + column_widths[0] + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting footer data x-offset for(int j = 0; j < num_columns - 1; j++) { //--- Iterating through footer data string footer_data_name = PREFIX + FOOTER_DATA + IntegerToString(j); //--- Defining footer data name ObjectSetInteger(0, footer_data_name, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, x_offset); //--- Updating footer data x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, footer_data_name, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, footer_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset); //--- Updating footer data y-coordinate x_offset += column_widths[j + 1]; //--- Updating x-offset } // Updating account panel and labels int account_panel_y = footer_y + settings.row_height + 5; //--- Calculating account panel y-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + ACCOUNT_PANEL, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, settings.panel_x); //--- Updating account panel x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + ACCOUNT_PANEL, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, account_panel_y); //--- Updating account panel y-coordinate int acc_x = settings.panel_x + 10 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Setting account label x-coordinate int acc_data_offset = 160; //--- Setting data offset int acc_spacing = (panel_width - 45) / ArraySize(account_items); //--- Calculating spacing for(int k = 0; k < ArraySize(account_items); k++) { //--- Iterating through account items string acc_text_name = PREFIX + ACC_TEXT + IntegerToString(k); //--- Defining account text name int text_x = acc_x + k * acc_spacing; //--- Calculating text x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, acc_text_name, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, text_x); //--- Updating account text x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, acc_text_name, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, account_panel_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset); //--- Updating account text y-coordinate string acc_data_name = PREFIX + ACC_DATA + IntegerToString(k); //--- Defining account data name int data_x = text_x + acc_data_offset; //--- Calculating data x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, acc_data_name, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE, data_x); //--- Updating account data x-coordinate ObjectSetInteger(0, acc_data_name, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE, account_panel_y + 8 + settings.label_y_offset); //--- Updating account data y-coordinate } } ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart }
这里，我们实现"updatePanelPositions"函数，用于实现增强版仪表盘的拖拽功能，保证拖拽操作时全部 UI 组件整体同步移动。通过对"symbol_data"和"headers"使用"ArraySize"，计算出行数 "num_rows"和列数"num_columns"；对"column_widths"求和，再结合MathMax函数、"settings.header_x_distances"以及边距，计算得到面板宽度 "panel_width"。通过ObjectSetInteger，配合"settings.panel_x"、"settings.panel_y"坐标，为以下对象设置OBJPROP_XDISTANCE和"OBJPROP_YDISTANCE"属性，完成表头面板与按钮的位置更新："PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL"、"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL_TEXT"、"PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON"、"PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON"和"PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON"。
如果"panel_minimized"为false（面板处于完整展开状态）：更新主面板"PREFIX + PANEL"的位置；根据"settings.panel_y + settings.row_height + 8 + settings.label_y_offset"计算得到"header_y"，更新表头；基于"first_row_y"、"symbol_x"，配合经过"column_widths"调整后的"x_offset"更新品种标签与数据标签；根据"num_rows + 3"计算出"footer_y"，更新页脚面板以及页脚标签；使用"acc_x"和"acc_spacing"做对齐处理，更新账户面板与账户标签；以上全部位置修改均通过ObjectSetInteger函数完成。我们再调用ChartRedraw刷新显示画面。这套逻辑可以保证拖拽过程中整个仪表盘平滑移动，布局结构不会错乱。接下来我们还需要实现一套逻辑，用来判断鼠标光标是否悬浮在表头或者按钮之上，以此处理鼠标悬停效果。对应的实现逻辑如下。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Checking if cursor is inside header or buttons | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ bool isCursorInHeaderOrButtons(int mouse_x, int mouse_y) { int header_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting header x-coordinate int header_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting header y-coordinate int header_width = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XSIZE); //--- Getting header width int header_height = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YSIZE); //--- Getting header height bool in_header = (mouse_x >= header_x && mouse_x <= header_x + header_width && mouse_y >= header_y && mouse_y <= header_y + header_height); //--- Checking if in header int close_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting close button x-coordinate int close_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting close button y-coordinate int close_width = 20; //--- Setting close button width int close_height = 20; //--- Setting close button height bool in_close = (mouse_x >= close_x && mouse_x <= close_x + close_width && mouse_y >= close_y && mouse_y <= close_y + close_height); //--- Checking if in close button int export_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting export button x-coordinate int export_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting export button y-coordinate int export_width = 20; //--- Setting export button width int export_height = 20; //--- Setting export button height bool in_export = (mouse_x >= export_x && mouse_x <= export_x + export_width && mouse_y >= export_y && mouse_y <= export_y + export_height); //--- Checking if in export button int toggle_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting toggle button x-coordinate int toggle_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting toggle button y-coordinate int toggle_width = 20; //--- Setting toggle button width int toggle_height = 20; //--- Setting toggle button height bool in_toggle = (mouse_x >= toggle_x && mouse_x <= toggle_x + toggle_width && mouse_y >= toggle_y && mouse_y <= toggle_y + toggle_height); //--- Checking if in toggle button return in_header || in_close || in_export || in_toggle; //--- Returning combined check }
我们实现"isCursorInHeaderOrButtons"函数，用来检测鼠标光标是否落在交互组件之上，以此支撑拖拽与按钮交互逻辑。调用ObjectGetInteger获取表头面板"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL"的坐标与尺寸：读取属性"OBJPROP_XDISTANCE"、"OBJPROP_YDISTANCE"、"OBJPROP_XSIZE"和"OBJPROP_YSIZE"，将结果存入变量"header_x"、"header_y"、"header_width"和"header_height"；再通过变量"in_header"判断鼠标坐标（"mouse_x"、"mouse_y"）是否处于表头的矩形范围内。
用同样方式读取"PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON"、"PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON"、"PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON"的"OBJPROP_XDISTANCE"和OBJPROP_YDISTANCE坐标；将按钮尺寸"close_width"、 "close_height"、"export_width"、"export_height"、"toggle_width"和"toggle_height"统一设置为20；分别用"in_close"、"in_export"和"in_toggle"判断光标是否落在各个按钮的矩形区域内。使用或运算符（OR）合并条件：光标位于表头，或是落在任意一个按钮内，返回true。完成悬浮区域检测之后，我们就需要根据检测结果更新表头或按钮，实现对应的视觉反馈效果。以下是实现该功能的完整逻辑：
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Updating button hover states | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void updateButtonHoverStates(int mouse_x, int mouse_y) { int close_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting close button x-coordinate int close_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting close button y-coordinate int close_width = 20; //--- Setting close button width int close_height = 20; //--- Setting close button height bool is_close_hovered = (mouse_x >= close_x && mouse_x <= close_x + close_width && mouse_y >= close_y && mouse_y <= close_y + close_height); //--- Checking if close button hovered if(is_close_hovered != prev_close_hovered) { //--- Checking hover change ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_COLOR, is_close_hovered ? clrRed : clrBlack); //--- Updating close button color ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, is_close_hovered ? clrDodgerBlue : clrNONE); //--- Updating close button background prev_close_hovered = is_close_hovered; //--- Updating previous hover state ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } int export_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting export button x-coordinate int export_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting export button y-coordinate int export_width = 20; //--- Setting export button width int export_height = 20; //--- Setting export button height bool is_export_hovered = (mouse_x >= export_x && mouse_x <= export_x + export_width && mouse_y >= export_y && mouse_y <= export_y + export_height); //--- Checking if export button hovered if(is_export_hovered != prev_export_hovered) { //--- Checking hover change ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_COLOR, is_export_hovered ? clrOrange : clrBlack); //--- Updating export button color ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, is_export_hovered ? clrDodgerBlue : clrNONE); //--- Updating export button background prev_export_hovered = is_export_hovered; //--- Updating previous hover state ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } int toggle_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting toggle button x-coordinate int toggle_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting toggle button y-coordinate int toggle_width = 20; //--- Setting toggle button width int toggle_height = 20; //--- Setting toggle button height bool is_toggle_hovered = (mouse_x >= toggle_x && mouse_x <= toggle_x + toggle_width && mouse_y >= toggle_y && mouse_y <= toggle_y + toggle_height); //--- Checking if toggle button hovered if(is_toggle_hovered != prev_toggle_hovered) { //--- Checking hover change ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_COLOR, is_toggle_hovered ? clrBlue : clrBlack); //--- Updating toggle button color ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, is_toggle_hovered ? clrDodgerBlue : clrNONE); //--- Updating toggle button background prev_toggle_hovered = is_toggle_hovered; //--- Updating previous hover state ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Updating header hover state | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void updateHeaderHoverState(int mouse_x, int mouse_y) { int header_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting header x-coordinate int header_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting header y-coordinate int header_width = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XSIZE); //--- Getting header width int header_height = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YSIZE); //--- Getting header height int close_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting close button x-coordinate int close_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting close button y-coordinate int close_width = 20; //--- Setting close button width int close_height = 20; //--- Setting close button height int export_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting export button x-coordinate int export_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting export button y-coordinate int export_width = 20; //--- Setting export button width int export_height = 20; //--- Setting export button height int toggle_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting toggle button x-coordinate int toggle_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting toggle button y-coordinate int toggle_width = 20; //--- Setting toggle button width int toggle_height = 20; //--- Setting toggle button height bool is_header_hovered = (mouse_x >= header_x && mouse_x <= header_x + header_width && mouse_y >= header_y && mouse_y <= header_y + header_height && !(mouse_x >= close_x && mouse_x <= close_x + close_width && mouse_y >= close_y && mouse_y <= close_y + close_height) && !(mouse_x >= export_x && mouse_x <= export_x + export_width && mouse_y >= export_y && mouse_y <= export_y + export_height) && !(mouse_x >= toggle_x && mouse_x <= toggle_x + toggle_width && mouse_y >= toggle_y && mouse_y <= toggle_y + toggle_height)); //--- Checking if header hovered if(is_header_hovered != prev_header_hovered && !panel_dragging) { //--- Checking hover change ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, is_header_hovered ? clrRed : settings.section_bg_color); //--- Updating header background prev_header_hovered = is_header_hovered; //--- Updating previous hover state ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } updateButtonHoverStates(mouse_x, mouse_y); //--- Updating button hover states }
最后，我们实现"updateButtonHoverStates"和"updateHeaderHoverState"两个函数，为用户交互增加视觉反馈，提升按钮和表头的响应表现。在"updateButtonHoverStates"函数内，我们调用ObjectGetInteger获取"PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON"、"PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON"、"PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON"的"OBJPROP_XDISTANCE"和"OBJPROP_YDISTANCE"坐标；将按钮尺寸变量"close_width"、"close_height"、"export_width"、"export_height"、"toggle_width"和"toggle_height"全部赋值为 20。
针对关闭按钮，判断鼠标坐标"mouse_x"和"mouse_y"是否落在按钮范围内，得到"is_close_hovered"；如果该状态与"prev_close_hovered"（上一帧悬浮状态）不一致，则通过"ObjectSetInteger"更新属性：将"OBJPROP_COLOR"设置为"clrRed"或"clrBlack"，并将"OBJPROP_BGCOLOR"设置为"clrDodgerBlue"或"clrNONE"；更新"prev_close_hovered"状态标记，调用ChartRedraw函数完成重绘。对导出按钮执行相同的逻辑：悬浮时文字颜色为"clrOrange"或"clrBlack"，背景色为"clrDodgerBlue"或"clrNONE"，更新"prev_export_hovered"并重绘；对于切换按钮：悬浮时文字颜色为"clrBlue"或"clrBlack"，更新"prev_toggle_hovered"并重绘。
在"updateHeaderHoverState"中，我们读取表头面板"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL"的"header_x"、"header_y"、"header_width"和"header_height"，同时读取各个按钮坐标；判断光标落在表头区域、但不在任意按钮区域内，得到"is_header_hovered"。如果"is_header_hovered"与"prev_header_hovered"状态不一致，并且"panel_dragging"（拖拽标记）为false：使用ObjectSetInteger修改"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL"的"OBJPROP_BGCOLOR"，悬浮时设置为"clrRed"，常态使用配置项"settings.section_bg_color" ；更新"prev_header_hovered"，调用"ChartRedraw"，再调用"updateButtonHoverStates"。以上函数实现动态悬浮效果，让交互操作更加直观。为调用所有函数，我们需要扩充OnChartEvent事件处理器，把视觉反馈相关逻辑放置其中。
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Handling chart events for sorting, export, and UI interactions | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void OnChartEvent(const int id, const long &lparam, const double &dparam, const string &sparam) { if(id == CHARTEVENT_OBJECT_CLICK) { //--- Handling object click if(sparam == PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON) { //--- Checking close button click Print("Closing the dashboard"); //--- Logging closing PlaySound("alert.wav"); //--- Playing alert sound panel_is_visible = false; //--- Setting panel invisible deleteAllObjects(); //--- Deleting all objects ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } else if(sparam == PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON) { //--- Checking export button click Print("Exporting dashboard to CSV"); //--- Logging exporting ExportToCSV(); //--- Exporting to CSV ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } else if(sparam == PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON) { //--- Checking toggle button click deleteAllObjects(); //--- Deleting all objects panel_minimized = !panel_minimized; //--- Toggling minimized state if(panel_minimized) { //--- Checking if minimized Print("Minimizing the dashboard"); //--- Logging minimizing createMinimizedDashboard(); //--- Creating minimized dashboard } else { Print("Maximizing the dashboard"); //--- Logging maximizing createFullDashboard(); //--- Creating full dashboard // Resetting string variables to force update total_buys_str = ""; //--- Resetting buys string total_sells_str = ""; //--- Resetting sells string total_trades_str = ""; //--- Resetting trades string total_lots_str = ""; //--- Resetting lots string total_profit_str = ""; //--- Resetting profit string total_pending_str = ""; //--- Resetting pending string total_swap_str = ""; //--- Resetting swap string total_comm_str = ""; //--- Resetting commission string acc_bal_str = ""; //--- Resetting balance string acc_eq_str = ""; //--- Resetting equity string acc_free_str = ""; //--- Resetting free margin string UpdateDashboard(); //--- Updating dashboard } prev_header_hovered = false; //--- Resetting header hover prev_close_hovered = false; //--- Resetting close hover prev_export_hovered = false; //--- Resetting export hover prev_toggle_hovered = false; //--- Resetting toggle hover ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, settings.section_bg_color); //--- Resetting header background ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_COLOR, clrBlack); //--- Resetting close button color ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, clrNONE); //--- Resetting close button background ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_COLOR, clrBlack); //--- Resetting export button color ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, clrNONE); //--- Resetting export button background ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_COLOR, clrBlack); //--- Resetting toggle button color ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, clrNONE); //--- Resetting toggle button background ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } else { for(int i = 0; i < ArraySize(headers); i++) { //--- Iterating through headers if(sparam == PREFIX + HEADER + IntegerToString(i)) { //--- Checking header click if(sort_column == i) //--- Checking if same column sort_ascending = !sort_ascending; //--- Toggling sort direction else { sort_column = i; //--- Setting new sort column sort_ascending = true; //--- Setting to ascending } UpdateDashboard(); //--- Updating dashboard break; //--- Exiting loop } } } } else if(id == CHARTEVENT_KEYDOWN && lparam == 'E') { //--- Handling 'E' key press ExportToCSV(); //--- Exporting to CSV } else if(id == CHARTEVENT_MOUSE_MOVE && panel_is_visible) { //--- Handling mouse move int mouse_x = (int)lparam; //--- Getting mouse x-coordinate int mouse_y = (int)dparam; //--- Getting mouse y-coordinate int mouse_state = (int)sparam; //--- Getting mouse state if(mouse_x == last_mouse_x && mouse_y == last_mouse_y && !panel_dragging) { //--- Checking if mouse moved return; //--- Exiting if no movement } last_mouse_x = mouse_x; //--- Updating last mouse x last_mouse_y = mouse_y; //--- Updating last mouse y updateHeaderHoverState(mouse_x, mouse_y); //--- Updating header hover state int header_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting header x-coordinate int header_y = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YDISTANCE); //--- Getting header y-coordinate int header_width = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_XSIZE); //--- Getting header width int header_height = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_YSIZE);//--- Getting header height int close_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE); //--- Getting close button x-coordinate int close_width = 20; //--- Setting close button width int export_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE);//--- Getting export button x-coordinate int export_width = 20; //--- Setting export button width int toggle_x = (int)ObjectGetInteger(0, PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON, OBJPROP_XDISTANCE);//--- Getting toggle button x-coordinate int toggle_width = 20; //--- Setting toggle button width if(prev_mouse_state == 0 && mouse_state == 1) { //--- Checking mouse click start if(mouse_x >= header_x && mouse_x <= header_x + header_width && mouse_y >= header_y && mouse_y <= header_y + header_height && !(mouse_x >= close_x && mouse_x <= close_x + close_width) && !(mouse_x >= export_x && mouse_x <= export_x + export_width) && !(mouse_x >= toggle_x && mouse_x <= toggle_x + toggle_width)) { //--- Checking if in draggable area panel_dragging = true; //--- Starting dragging panel_drag_x = mouse_x; //--- Setting drag start x panel_drag_y = mouse_y; //--- Setting drag start y panel_start_x = header_x; //--- Setting panel start x panel_start_y = header_y; //--- Setting panel start y ObjectSetInteger(0, PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL, OBJPROP_BGCOLOR, clrMediumBlue); //--- Setting dragging color ChartSetInteger(0, CHART_MOUSE_SCROLL, false); //--- Disabling chart scroll } } if(panel_dragging && mouse_state == 1) { //--- Handling dragging int dx = mouse_x - panel_drag_x; //--- Calculating x change int dy = mouse_y - panel_drag_y; //--- Calculating y change settings.panel_x = panel_start_x + dx; //--- Updating panel x settings.panel_y = panel_start_y + dy; //--- Updating panel y int chart_width = (int)ChartGetInteger(0, CHART_WIDTH_IN_PIXELS); //--- Getting chart width int chart_height = (int)ChartGetInteger(0, CHART_HEIGHT_IN_PIXELS); //--- Getting chart height int num_columns = ArraySize(headers); //--- Getting number of columns int column_width_sum = 0; //--- Initializing column width sum for(int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) column_width_sum += column_widths[i]; //--- Adding column width int panel_width = MathMax(settings.header_x_distances[num_columns - 1] + column_widths[num_columns - 1], column_width_sum) + 20 + settings.label_x_offset; //--- Calculating panel width int panel_height = panel_minimized ? settings.row_height : (ArraySize(symbol_data) + 3) * settings.row_height; //--- Calculating panel height settings.panel_x = MathMax(0, MathMin(chart_width - panel_width, settings.panel_x)); //--- Constraining x settings.panel_y = MathMax(0, MathMin(chart_height - panel_height, settings.panel_y)); //--- Constraining y updatePanelPositions(); //--- Updating object positions ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } if(mouse_state == 0 && prev_mouse_state == 1) { //--- Handling mouse release if(panel_dragging) { //--- Checking if was dragging panel_dragging = false; //--- Stopping dragging updateHeaderHoverState(mouse_x, mouse_y); //--- Updating hover state ChartSetInteger(0, CHART_MOUSE_SCROLL, true); //--- Enabling chart scroll ChartRedraw(0); //--- Redrawing chart } } prev_mouse_state = mouse_state; //--- Updating previous mouse state } }
这里，我们对OnChartEvent函数进行扩展，用于处理各类交互事件，实现关闭、导出、切换按钮、列排序的点击响应，以及用于拖拽操作的鼠标移动事件处理。针对 CHARTEVENT_OBJECT_CLICK，判断"sparam"是否为"PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON"；使用"Print"输出日志，通过PlaySound播放"alert.wav"提示音，将"panel_is_visible"置为false，调用"deleteAllObjects"删除全部界面对象，并执行"ChartRedraw"重绘图表。如果"sparam"为"PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON"，输出日志并调用"ExportToCSV"函数。
针对"PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON"，删除全部界面对象，翻转"panel_minimized"状态；通过"Print"打印 “正在最小化”或“正在还原最大化”日志；调用"createMinimizedDashboard"或"createFullDashboard"；重置"total_buys_str"和"acc_bal_str"等字符串变量；调用"UpdateDashboard"刷新仪表盘；重置各类悬停状态变量（"prev_header_hovered"、"prev_close_hovered"等）；再使用ObjectSetInteger函数重置"PREFIX + HEADER_PANEL"、"PREFIX + CLOSE_BUTTON"、"PREFIX + EXPORT_BUTTON"和"PREFIX + TOGGLE_BUTTON"的颜色属性。执行后将得到如下效果。
针对表头点击事件，遍历表头数组"headers"；若点击列与当前"sort_column"一致，则翻转"sort_ascending"排序标识；否则设置新的"sort_column"，并将"sort_ascending"设置为true，随后调用"UpdateDashboard"刷新面板。检测到CHARTEVENT_KEYDOWN键盘按下事件，按键为E时，调用"ExportToCSV"执行导出。当仪表盘处于可见状态，触发CHARTEVENT_MOUSE_MOVE鼠标移动事件时：获取鼠标坐标"mouse_x"、"mouse_y"以及鼠标状态；若鼠标位置无变化且未开启拖拽则直接退出；更新"last_mouse_x"、"last_mouse_y"，并调用"updateHeaderHoverState"更新表头悬停状态。
如果"prev_mouse_state"为0（鼠标未按下）且当前"mouse_state"为 1（鼠标左键按下），判断点击发生在可拖拽区域（排除按钮区域）；将"panel_dragging"设置为true，保存鼠标起始坐标；把表头颜色设置为"clrMediumBlue"，并调用ChartSetInteger函数禁用图表滚动。拖拽过程中且鼠标左键保持按下状态：计算鼠标偏移量"dx"和"dy"，在图表边界范围内更新面板坐标"settings.panel_x"与"settings.panel_y"；调用"updatePanelPositions"更新面板位置，执行图表重绘。鼠标松开时，结束拖拽状态，更新悬停状态，重新开启图表滚动，并重绘界面。以上逻辑为仪表盘实现了流畅的动态交互，提升使用体验。编译完成后，即可看到下述按钮悬停效果。
面板最大化且处于拖拽状态下的运行效果如下。
由图可见，我们已经完成仪表盘各项组件的开发，实现了鼠标悬浮、拖拽以及面板最小化相关逻辑，达成了开发目标。当前仅需完成项目可操作性的测试工作，该部分内容已在前文章节中详细阐述。
回测
我们已完成测试，以下是编译后得到的可视化结果，以单一的GIF动图形式呈现。
结论
综上所述，我们完成了MQL5第八部分信息仪表盘的功能增强：新增可拖拽、可最小化特性，实现了如"CLOSE_BUTTON"和"TOGGLE_BUTTON"等交互按钮以及悬浮高亮效果，在保障多品种持仓与账户状态稳定监控的同时，提升了用户使用体验。本文详细讲解了整体架构与代码实现，借助"createFullDashboard"、"updatePanelPositions"以及OnChartEvent等函数，打造出一款灵活、视觉反馈灵敏的工具，支持实时数据刷新与Excel兼容的CSV文件导出。您可以对该仪表盘进行自定义修改，优化自身交易工作流，让持仓分析更加直观高效。
本文由MetaQuotes Ltd译自英文
原文地址： https://www.mql5.com/en/articles/19059
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