Alert

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void  Alert(
  argument,     // 初めの値
  ...          // 他の値
  );

パラメータ

argument

[in]  コンマで区切られた任意の値。情報出力を複数の行に分割するには、改行文字「 \n 」または 「 \ r \ n 」を使用することが出来ます。パラメータの数は 64 を超えることは出来ません。

戻り値

なし

注意事項

配列は Alert() 関数には渡せません。配列は要素ごとに出力する必要があります。double 型のデータは小数点以下8桁で出力され、float 型のデータは小数点以下 5 桁で表示されます。実数を異なる精度または科学形式で出力するには DoubleToString() 関数が使用されます。

bool 型のデータは「 true 」または 「 false 」の文字列として出力されます。日付は YYYY.MM.DD HH:MI:SS として出力されます。日付を別の形式で表示するには TimeToString() 関数が使用されます。カラー型のデータは R、G、B の文字列、または、色がカラーセットに存在する場合は色名として出力されます。

Alert() 関数はストラテジーテスター内では使用できません。

Example:

//--- enums
enum ENUM_INTERSECT_DIRECTION
 {
  INTERSECT_DIRECTION_NONE= 0, // no crossing
  INTERSECT_DIRECTION_UP  = 1, // upward crossing
  INTERSECT_DIRECTION_DOWN=-1, // downward crossing
 };
 
//--- input parameters
input   uint               InpPeriod = 10;           // MA Period
input   int               InpShift  = 0;             // MA Shift
input   ENUM_MA_METHOD     InpMethod = MODE_SMA;     // MA Method
input   ENUM_APPLIED_PRICE InpPrice  = PRICE_CLOSE;   // MA Applied price
 
//--- global variables
int     ExtMaHandle;
int     ExtMaPeriod;
double   ExtData[2];
MqlRates ExtRates[2];
 
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| Expert initialization function                                   |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
int OnInit()
 {
//--- the period for calculating the moving average will be equal to the default value (10) if zero is specified in the input parameter
  ExtMaPeriod=int(InpPeriod<1 ? 10 : InpPeriod);
//--- create a handle for the Moving Average indicator with the specified parameters
  ExtMaHandle=iMA(Symbol(),PERIOD_CURRENT,ExtMaPeriod,InpShift,InpMethod,InpPrice);
  ResetLastError();
  if(ExtMaHandle==INVALID_HANDLE)
    {
    PrintFormat("Failed to create iMA() handle. Error code: %d",GetLastError());
    return(INIT_FAILED);
    }
   
//--- get the time of the last price update
  datetime tick_time=TickTime();
//--- get moving average data and price data from the last two bars
  if(GetData(ExtMaHandle,ExtData,ExtRates) && tick_time!=0)
    {
    //--- if the price is above the MA
    if(ExtRates[1].close>ExtData[1])
       {
        //--- create a message text and display Alert
        string message=StringFormat("Bar time: %s. The price is above the moving average",TimeToString(ExtRates[1].time));
        Alert(message+" at "+TimeToString(tick_time,TIME_DATE|TIME_MINUTES|TIME_SECONDS));
        /*
        Result:
        Alert: Bar time: 2024.02.16 18:00. The price is above the moving average at 2024.02.16 18:47:43
        */
       }
    else
       {
        //--- if the price is below the MA
        if(ExtRates[1].close<ExtData[1])
          {
          //--- create a message text and display Alert
          string message=StringFormat("Bar time: %s. The price is below the moving average.",TimeToString(ExtRates[1].time));
          Alert(message+" at "+TimeToString(tick_time,TIME_DATE|TIME_MINUTES|TIME_SECONDS));
           /*
           Result:
          Alert: Bar time: 2024.02.16 19:00. The price is below the moving average at 2024.02.16 19:33:14
           */
          }
        else
          {
          //--- create a message text and display Alert
          string message=StringFormat("Bar time: %s. The price and moving average are equal.",TimeToString(ExtRates[1].time));
          Alert(message+" at "+TimeToString(tick_time,TIME_DATE|TIME_MINUTES|TIME_SECONDS));
           /*
           Result:
          Alert: Bar time: 2024.02.16 20:00. The price and moving average are equal at 2024.02.16 20:12:22
           */
          }
       }
    }
   
//--- successful
  return(INIT_SUCCEEDED);
 }
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| Expert tick function                                             |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
void OnTick()
 {
  ResetLastError();
//--- get moving average data and price data from the last two bars
  if(!GetData(ExtMaHandle,ExtData,ExtRates))
    return;
//--- get the direction of the price crossing the moving average on the current bar
  ENUM_INTERSECT_DIRECTION intersect=GetIntersectDirection(ExtData,ExtRates);
 
//--- variable for saving the previous message
  static string message_prev="";
 
//--- if the price has crossed the moving average on the current bar upwards
  if(intersect==INTERSECT_DIRECTION_UP)
    {
    //--- get the tick time, at which the crossing occurred
    datetime tick_time=TickTime();
    if(tick_time==0)
        return;
    //--- create a message text
    string message=StringFormat("Bar time: %s. The price crossed the MA from bottom to top",TimeToString(ExtRates[1].time));
    //--- if the previous message is not equal to the current one, display Alert with the message and tick time
    if(message!=message_prev)
       {
        Alert(message+" at "+TimeToString(tick_time,TIME_DATE|TIME_MINUTES|TIME_SECONDS));
        message_prev=message;
        /*
        Result:\
        Alert: Bar time: 2024.02.16 09:00. The price crossed the MA from bottom to top at 2024.02.16 09:20:35
        */
       }
    }
 
//--- if the price has crossed the moving average on the current bar downwards
  if(intersect==INTERSECT_DIRECTION_DOWN)
    {
    //--- get the tick time, at which the crossing occurred
    datetime tick_time=TickTime();
    if(tick_time==0)
        return;
    //--- create a message text
    string message=StringFormat("Bar time: %s. The price crossed the MA from top to bottom",TimeToString(ExtRates[1].time));
    //--- if the previous message is not equal to the current one, display Alert with the message and tick time
    if(message!=message_prev)
       {
        Alert(message+" at "+TimeToString(tick_time,TIME_DATE|TIME_MINUTES|TIME_SECONDS));
        message_prev=message;
        /*
        Result:\
        Alert: Bar time: 2024.02.16 10:00. The price crossed the MA from top to bottom at 2024.02.16 10:42:15
        */
       }
    }
 }
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| Get price and moving average data into arrays                    |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
bool GetData(int handle,double &ma_data[],MqlRates &price_data[])
 {
  ResetLastError();
//--- get moving average data from the last two bars
  if(CopyBuffer(handle,0,0,2,ma_data)!=2)
    {
    PrintFormat("CopyBuffer() failed. Error code: %d",GetLastError());
    return(false);
    }
//--- get price data for the last two bars
  if(CopyRates(Symbol(),PERIOD_CURRENT,0,2,price_data)!=2)
    {
    PrintFormat("CopyRates() failed. Error code: %d",GetLastError());
    return(false);
    }
 
  return(true);
 }
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| Return the direction of the price crossing the moving average    |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
ENUM_INTERSECT_DIRECTION GetIntersectDirection(double &ma_data[],MqlRates &price_data[])
 {
  double ma0=ma_data[1];
  double ma1=ma_data[0];
  double close0=price_data[1].close;
  double close1=price_data[0].close;
 
  if(close1<=ma1 && close0>ma0)
    return(INTERSECT_DIRECTION_UP);
  else
    {
    if(close1>=ma1 && close0<ma0)
        return(INTERSECT_DIRECTION_DOWN);
    else
        return(INTERSECT_DIRECTION_NONE);
    }
 }
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| Return the tick time in seconds                                  |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
datetime TickTime()
 {
  MqlTick tick={};
 
  ResetLastError();
  if(!SymbolInfoTick(Symbol(),tick))
    {
    PrintFormat("SymbolInfoTick() failed. Error code: %d",GetLastError());
    return(0);
    }
 
  return(tick.time);
 }