Neural networks made easy (Part 18): Association rules
As a continuation of this series of articles, let's consider another type of problems within unsupervised learning methods: mining association rules. This problem type was first used in retail, namely supermarkets, to analyze market baskets. In this article, we will talk about the applicability of such algorithms in trading.
Multilayer perceptron and backpropagation algorithm (Part 3): Integration with the Strategy Tester - Overview (I).
The multilayer perceptron is an evolution of the simple perceptron which can solve non-linear separable problems. Together with the backpropagation algorithm, this neural network can be effectively trained. In Part 3 of the Multilayer Perceptron and Backpropagation series, we'll see how to integrate this technique into the Strategy Tester. This integration will allow the use of complex data analysis aimed at making better decisions to optimize your trading strategies. In this article, we will discuss the advantages and problems of this technique.
MetaTrader 5 Machine Learning Blueprint (Part 8): Bayesian Hyperparameter Optimization with Purged Cross-Validation and Trial Pruning
GridSearchCV and RandomizedSearchCV share a fundamental limitation in financial ML: each trial is independent, so search quality does not improve with additional compute. This article integrates Optuna — using the Tree-structured Parzen Estimator — with PurgedKFold cross-validation, HyperbandPruner early stopping, and a dual-weight convention that separates training weights from evaluation weights. The result is a five-component system: an objective function with fold-level pruning, a suggestion layer that optimizes the weighting scheme jointly with model hyperparameters, a financially-calibrated pruner, a resumable SQLite-backed orchestrator, and a converter to scikit-learn cv_results_ format. The article also establishes the boundary — drawn from Timothy Masters — between statistical objectives where directed search is beneficial and financial objectives where it is harmful.
Developing a Multi-Currency Expert Advisor (Part 26): Informer for Trading Instruments
Before moving forward with the development of multi-currency EAs, let's try to switch to creating a new project using the developed library. This example will demonstrate how to best organize source code storage and how using the new code repository from MetaQuotes can help us.
Price Action Analysis Toolkit Development (Part 50): Developing the RVGI, CCI and SMA Confluence Engine in MQL5
Many traders struggle to identify genuine reversals. This article presents an EA that combines RVGI, CCI (±100), and an SMA trend filter to produce a single clear reversal signal. The EA includes an on-chart panel, configurable alerts, and the full source file for immediate download and testing.
Neural Networks in Trading: An Ensemble of Agents with Attention Mechanisms (MASAAT)
We introduce the Multi-Agent Self-Adaptive Portfolio Optimization Framework (MASAAT), which combines attention mechanisms and time series analysis. MASAAT generates a set of agents that analyze price series and directional changes, enabling the identification of significant fluctuations in asset prices at different levels of detail.
From Novice to Expert: Animated News Headline Using MQL5 (IX) — Multiple Symbol Management on a single chart for News Trading
News trading often requires managing multiple positions and symbols within a very short time due to heightened volatility. In today’s discussion, we address the challenges of multi-symbol trading by integrating this feature into our News Headline EA. Join us as we explore how algorithmic trading with MQL5 makes multi-symbol trading more efficient and powerful.
Neural networks made easy (Part 56): Using nuclear norm to drive research
The study of the environment in reinforcement learning is a pressing problem. We have already looked at some approaches previously. In this article, we will have a look at yet another method based on maximizing the nuclear norm. It allows agents to identify environmental states with a high degree of novelty and diversity.
MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 80): Using Patterns of Ichimoku and the ADX-Wilder with TD3 Reinforcement Learning
This article follows up ‘Part-74’, where we examined the pairing of Ichimoku and the ADX under a Supervised Learning framework, by moving our focus to Reinforcement Learning. Ichimoku and ADX form a complementary combination of support/resistance mapping and trend strength spotting. In this installment, we indulge in how the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm can be used with this indicator set. As with earlier parts of the series, the implementation is carried out in a custom signal class designed for integration with the MQL5 Wizard, which facilitates seamless Expert Advisor assembly.
Developing a trading Expert Advisor from scratch (Part 24): Providing system robustness (I)
In this article, we will make the system more reliable to ensure a robust and secure use. One of the ways to achieve the desired robustness is to try to re-use the code as much as possible so that it is constantly tested in different cases. But this is only one of the ways. Another one is to use OOP.
Design Patterns in software development and MQL5 (Part I): Creational Patterns
There are methods that can be used to solve many problems that can be repeated. Once understand how to use these methods it can be very helpful to create your software effectively and apply the concept of DRY ((Do not Repeat Yourself). In this context, the topic of Design Patterns will serve very well because they are patterns that provide solutions to well-described and repeated problems.
Developing a Replay System — Market simulation (Part 04): adjusting the settings (II)
Let's continue creating the system and controls. Without the ability to control the service, it is difficult to move forward and improve the system.
Building AI-Powered Trading Systems in MQL5 (Part 6): Introducing Chat Deletion and Search Functionality
In Part 6 of our MQL5 AI trading system series, we advance the ChatGPT-integrated Expert Advisor by introducing chat deletion functionality through interactive delete buttons in the sidebar, small/large history popups, and a new search popup, allowing traders to manage and organize persistent conversations efficiently while maintaining encrypted storage and AI-driven signals from chart data.
MQL5 Trading Tools (Part 2): Enhancing the Interactive Trade Assistant with Dynamic Visual Feedback
In this article, we upgrade our Trade Assistant Tool by adding drag-and-drop panel functionality and hover effects to make the interface more intuitive and responsive. We refine the tool to validate real-time order setups, ensuring accurate trade configurations relative to market prices. We also backtest these enhancements to confirm their reliability.
MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 25): Multi-Timeframe Testing and Trading
Strategies that are based on multiple time frames cannot be tested in wizard assembled Expert Advisors by default because of the MQL5 code architecture used in the assembly classes. We explore a possible work around this limitation for strategies that look to use multiple time frames in a case study with the quadratic moving average.
Neural networks made easy (Part 54): Using random encoder for efficient research (RE3)
Whenever we consider reinforcement learning methods, we are faced with the issue of efficiently exploring the environment. Solving this issue often leads to complication of the algorithm and training of additional models. In this article, we will look at an alternative approach to solving this problem.
MQL5 Wizard techniques you should know (Part 04): Linear Discriminant Analysis
Todays trader is a philomath who is almost always looking up new ideas, trying them out, choosing to modify them or discard them; an exploratory process that should cost a fair amount of diligence. These series of articles will proposition that the MQL5 wizard should be a mainstay for traders in this effort.
Trend criteria in trading
Trends are an important part of many trading strategies. In this article, we will look at some of the tools used to identify trends and their characteristics. Understanding and correctly interpreting trends can significantly improve trading efficiency and minimize risks.
Neuro-symbolic systems in algorithmic trading: Combining symbolic rules and neural networks
The article describes the experience of developing a hybrid trading system that combines classical technical analysis with neural networks. The author provides a detailed analysis of the system architecture from basic pattern analysis and neural network structure to the mechanisms behind trading decisions, and shares real code and practical observations.
Statistical Arbitrage Through Cointegrated Stocks (Part 1): Engle-Granger and Johansen Cointegration Tests
This article aims to provide a trader-friendly, gentle introduction to the most common cointegration tests, along with a simple guide to understanding their results. The Engle-Granger and Johansen cointegration tests can reveal statistically significant pairs or groups of assets that share long-term dynamics. The Johansen test is especially useful for portfolios with three or more assets, as it calculates the strength of cointegrating vectors all at once.
Building A Candlestick Trend Constraint Model(Part 3): Detecting changes in trends while using this system
This article explores how economic news releases, investor behavior, and various factors can influence market trend reversals. It includes a video explanation and proceeds by incorporating MQL5 code into our program to detect trend reversals, alert us, and take appropriate actions based on market conditions. This builds upon previous articles in the series.
Risk Management (Part 2): Implementing Lot Calculation in a Graphical Interface
In this article, we will look at how to improve and more effectively apply the concepts presented in the previous article using the powerful MQL5 graphical control libraries. We'll go step by step through the process of creating a fully functional GUI. I'll be explaining the ideas behind it, as well as the purpose and operation of each method used. Additionally, at the end of the article, we will test the panel we created to ensure it functions correctly and meets its stated goals.
Developing a Trading Strategy: The Flower Volatility Index Trend-Following Approach
The relentless quest to decode market rhythms has led traders and quantitative analysts to develop countless mathematical models. This article has introduced the Flower Volatility Index (FVI), a novel approach that transforms the mathematical elegance of Rose Curves into a functional trading tool. Through this work, we have shown how mathematical models can be adapted into practical trading mechanisms capable of supporting both analysis and decision-making in real market conditions.
Quantitative analysis in MQL5: Implementing a promising algorithm
We will analyze the question of what quantitative analysis is and how it is used by major players. We will create one of the quantitative analysis algorithms in the MQL5 language.
Neural networks made easy (Part 17): Dimensionality reduction
In this part we continue discussing Artificial Intelligence models. Namely, we study unsupervised learning algorithms. We have already discussed one of the clustering algorithms. In this article, I am sharing a variant of solving problems related to dimensionality reduction.
Neural networks made easy (Part 75): Improving the performance of trajectory prediction models
The models we create are becoming larger and more complex. This increases the costs of not only their training as well as operation. However, the time required to make a decision is often critical. In this regard, let us consider methods for optimizing model performance without loss of quality.
Developing a Replay System — Market simulation (Part 15): Birth of the SIMULATOR (V) - RANDOM WALK
In this article we will complete the development of a simulator for our system. The main goal here will be to configure the algorithm discussed in the previous article. This algorithm aims to create a RANDOM WALK movement. Therefore, to understand today's material, it is necessary to understand the content of previous articles. If you have not followed the development of the simulator, I advise you to read this sequence from the very beginning. Otherwise, you may get confused about what will be explained here.
Price Action Analysis Toolkit Development (Part 60): Objective Swing-Based Trendlines for Structural Analysis
We present a rule-based approach to trendlines that avoids indicator pivots and uses ordered swings derived from raw prices. The article walks through swing detection, size qualification via ATR or fixed thresholds, and validation of ascending and descending structures, then implements these rules in MQL5 with non-repainting drawing and selective output. You get a clear, repeatable way to track structural support and resistance that holds up across market conditions.
MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 71): Using Patterns of MACD and the OBV
The Moving-Average-Convergence-Divergence (MACD) oscillator and the On-Balance-Volume (OBV) oscillator are another pair of indicators that could be used in conjunction within an MQL5 Expert Advisor. This pairing, as is practice in these article series, is complementary with the MACD affirming trends while OBV checks volume. As usual, we use the MQL5 wizard to build and test any potential these two may possess.
MQL5 Trading Tools (Part 7): Informational Dashboard for Multi-Symbol Position and Account Monitoring
In this article, we develop an informational dashboard in MQL5 for monitoring multi-symbol positions and account metrics like balance, equity, and free margin. We implement a sortable grid with real-time updates, CSV export, and a glowing header effect to enhance usability and visual appeal.
Engineering Trading Discipline into Code (Part 3): Enforcing Symbol-Level Trading Boundaries with a Whitelist System in MQL5
This article details an MQL5 framework that restricts trading to an approved set of symbols. The solution combines a shared library, a configuration dashboard, and an enforcement Expert Advisor that validates each trade against a whitelist and logs blocked attempts. It includes fully functional code examples, a clear explanation of the structural design decisions, and validation tests that confirm reliable symbol filtering, controlled market exposure, and transparent monitoring of rule enforcement.
Implementing of a Breakeven Mechanism in MQL5 (Part 1): Base Class and Fixed-Points Breakeven Mode
This article discusses the application of a breakeven mechanism in automated strategies using the MQL5 language. We will start with a simple explanation of what the breakeven mode is, how it is implemented, and its possible variations. Next, this functionality will be integrated into the Order Blocks expert advisor, which we created in our last article on risk management. To evaluate its effectiveness, we will run two backtests under specific conditions: one using the breakeven mechanism and the other without it.
Developing a multi-currency Expert Advisor (Part 17): Further preparation for real trading
Currently, our EA uses the database to obtain initialization strings for single instances of trading strategies. However, the database is quite large and contains a lot of information that is not needed for the actual EA operation. Let's try to ensure the EA's functionality without a mandatory connection to the database.
Creating an EA that works automatically (Part 07): Account types (II)
Today we'll see how to create an Expert Advisor that simply and safely works in automatic mode. The trader should always be aware of what the automatic EA is doing, so that if it "goes off the rails", the trader could remove it from the chart as soon as possible and take control of the situation.
Automating Trading Strategies in MQL5 (Part 49): The Quasimodo (QM) Reversal Pattern
In this article, we build an automated trading program in MQL5 that detects the Quasimodo reversal pattern from a zig-zag of confirmed swing pivots. We work through swing detection, pattern arming, retrace entries at the QM line, and structural stop placement with risk-based sizing. We also add trade management with breakeven, trailing, and partial closing to handle open positions.
MQL5 Trading Tools (Part 21): Adding Cyberpunk Theme to Regression Graphs
In this article, we enhance the regression graphing tool in MQL5 by adding a cyberpunk theme mode with neon glows, animations, and holographic effects for immersive visualization. We integrate theme toggling, dynamic backgrounds with stars, glowing borders, and neon points/lines, while maintaining standard mode compatibility. This dual-theme system elevates pair analysis with futuristic aesthetics, supporting real-time updates and interactions for engaging trading insights.
Creating Custom Indicators in MQL5 (Part 4): Smart WaveTrend Crossover with Dual Oscillators
In this article, we develop a custom indicator in MQL5 called Smart WaveTrend Crossover, utilizing dual WaveTrend oscillators—one for generating crossover signals and another for trend filtering—with customizable parameters for channel, average, and moving average lengths. The indicator plots colored candles based on the trend direction, displays buy and sell arrow signals on crossovers, and includes options to enable trend confirmation and adjust visual elements like colors and offsets.
Introduction to MQL5 (Part 20): Introduction to Harmonic Patterns
In this article, we explore the fundamentals of harmonic patterns, their structures, and how they are applied in trading. You’ll learn about Fibonacci retracements, extensions, and how to implement harmonic pattern detection in MQL5, setting the foundation for building advanced trading tools and Expert Advisors.
Building A Candlestick Trend Constraint Model (Part 1): For EAs And Technical Indicators
This article is aimed at beginners and pro-MQL5 developers. It provides a piece of code to define and constrain signal-generating indicators to trends in higher timeframes. In this way, traders can enhance their strategies by incorporating a broader market perspective, leading to potentially more robust and reliable trading signals.
Non-linear regression models on the stock exchange
Non-linear regression models on the stock exchange: Is it possible to predict financial markets? Let's consider creating a model for forecasting prices for EURUSD, and make two robots based on it - in Python and MQL5.