MQL4 and MQL5 Programming Articles

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Study the MQL5 language for programming trading strategies in numerous published articles mostly written by you - the community members. The articles are grouped into categories to help you quicker find answers to any questions related to programming: Integration, Tester, Trading Strategies, etc.

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Developing a Replay System (Part 51): Things Get Complicated (III)

Developing a Replay System (Part 51): Things Get Complicated (III)

In this article, we will look into one of the most difficult issues in the field of MQL5 programming: how to correctly obtain a chart ID, and why objects are sometimes not plotted on the chart. The materials presented here are for didactic purposes only. Under no circumstances should the application be viewed for any purpose other than to learn and master the concepts presented.
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Neural Networks in Trading: Market Analysis Using a Pattern Transformer

Neural Networks in Trading: Market Analysis Using a Pattern Transformer

When we use models to analyze the market situation, we mainly focus on the candlestick. However, it has long been known that candlestick patterns can help in predicting future price movements. In this article, we will get acquainted with a method that allows us to integrate both of these approaches.
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Creating Dynamic MQL5 Graphical Interfaces through Resource-Driven Image Scaling with Bicubic Interpolation on Trading Charts

Creating Dynamic MQL5 Graphical Interfaces through Resource-Driven Image Scaling with Bicubic Interpolation on Trading Charts

In this article, we explore dynamic MQL5 graphical interfaces, using bicubic interpolation for high-quality image scaling on trading charts. We detail flexible positioning options, enabling dynamic centering or corner anchoring with custom offsets.
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Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part IX): Code Organization (I)

Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part IX): Code Organization (I)

This discussion delves into the challenges encountered when working with large codebases. We will explore the best practices for code organization in MQL5 and implement a practical approach to enhance the readability and scalability of our Trading Administrator Panel source code. Additionally, we aim to develop reusable code components that can potentially benefit other developers in their algorithm development. Read on and join the conversation.
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Population optimization algorithms: Bird Swarm Algorithm (BSA)

Population optimization algorithms: Bird Swarm Algorithm (BSA)

The article explores the bird swarm-based algorithm (BSA) inspired by the collective flocking interactions of birds in nature. The different search strategies of individuals in BSA, including switching between flight, vigilance and foraging behavior, make this algorithm multifaceted. It uses the principles of bird flocking, communication, adaptability, leading and following to efficiently find optimal solutions.
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Exploring Cryptography in MQL5: A Step-by-Step Approach

Exploring Cryptography in MQL5: A Step-by-Step Approach

This article explores the integration of cryptography within MQL5, enhancing the security and functionality of trading algorithms. We’ll cover key cryptographic methods and their practical implementation in automated trading.
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From Static MA to Adaptive Filtering (Part 2): Implementing the SAMA_NLMS Indicator in MQL5

From Static MA to Adaptive Filtering (Part 2): Implementing the SAMA_NLMS Indicator in MQL5

This article implements the NLMS-based Self-Adaptive Moving Average as a working MQL5 indicator. It provides the complete source code and explains the key design choices, including inline execution, uniform weight seeding, closed‑bar updates, and stability bounds, along with installation, usage, and limitations. The result is a compiled, chart‑ready SAMA_NLMS indicator and a clear basis for subsequent EA benchmarking.
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Developing a Replay System (Part 54): The Birth of the First Module

Developing a Replay System (Part 54): The Birth of the First Module

In this article, we will look at how to put together the first of a number of truly functional modules for use in the replay/simulator system that will also be of general purpose to serve other purposes. We are talking about the mouse module.
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Mastering Log Records (Part 7): How to Show Logs on Chart

Mastering Log Records (Part 7): How to Show Logs on Chart

Learn how to display logs directly on the MetaTrader chart in an organized way, with frames, titles and automatic scrolling. In this article, we show you how to create a visual log system using MQL5, ideal for monitoring what your robot is doing in real time.
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Population optimization algorithms: Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. Part I

Population optimization algorithms: Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. Part I

The Simulated Annealing algorithm is a metaheuristic inspired by the metal annealing process. In the article, we will conduct a thorough analysis of the algorithm and debunk a number of common beliefs and myths surrounding this widely known optimization method. The second part of the article will consider the custom Simulated Isotropic Annealing (SIA) algorithm.
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Chaos Game Optimization (CGO)

Chaos Game Optimization (CGO)

The article presents a new metaheuristic algorithm, Chaos Game Optimization (CGO), which demonstrates a unique ability to maintain high efficiency when dealing with high-dimensional problems. Unlike most optimization algorithms, CGO not only does not lose, but sometimes even increases performance when scaling a problem, which is its key feature.
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Neural networks made easy (Part 62): Using Decision Transformer in hierarchical models

Neural networks made easy (Part 62): Using Decision Transformer in hierarchical models

In recent articles, we have seen several options for using the Decision Transformer method. The method allows analyzing not only the current state, but also the trajectory of previous states and actions performed in them. In this article, we will focus on using this method in hierarchical models.
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Neural networks made easy (Part 64): ConserWeightive Behavioral Cloning (CWBC) method

Neural networks made easy (Part 64): ConserWeightive Behavioral Cloning (CWBC) method

As a result of tests performed in previous articles, we came to the conclusion that the optimality of the trained strategy largely depends on the training set used. In this article, we will get acquainted with a fairly simple yet effective method for selecting trajectories to train models.
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Neural Networks in Trading: Superpoint Transformer (SPFormer)

Neural Networks in Trading: Superpoint Transformer (SPFormer)

In this article, we introduce a method for segmenting 3D objects based on Superpoint Transformer (SPFormer), which eliminates the need for intermediate data aggregation. This speeds up the segmentation process and improves the performance of the model.
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From Novice to Expert: Animated News Headline Using MQL5 (VII) — Post Impact Strategy for News Trading

From Novice to Expert: Animated News Headline Using MQL5 (VII) — Post Impact Strategy for News Trading

The risk of whipsaw is extremely high during the first minute following a high-impact economic news release. In that brief window, price movements can be erratic and volatile, often triggering both sides of pending orders. Shortly after the release—typically within a minute—the market tends to stabilize, resuming or correcting the prevailing trend with more typical volatility. In this section, we’ll explore an alternative approach to news trading, aiming to assess its effectiveness as a valuable addition to a trader’s toolkit. Continue reading for more insights and details in this discussion.
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Developing a Replay System — Market simulation (Part 19): Necessary adjustments

Developing a Replay System — Market simulation (Part 19): Necessary adjustments

Here we will prepare the ground so that if we need to add new functions to the code, this will happen smoothly and easily. The current code cannot yet cover or handle some of the things that will be necessary to make meaningful progress. We need everything to be structured in order to enable the implementation of certain things with the minimal effort. If we do everything correctly, we can get a truly universal system that can very easily adapt to any situation that needs to be handled.
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Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part IX): Code Organization (II): Modularization

Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part IX): Code Organization (II): Modularization

In this discussion, we take a step further in breaking down our MQL5 program into smaller, more manageable modules. These modular components will then be integrated into the main program, enhancing its organization and maintainability. This approach simplifies the structure of our main program and makes the individual components reusable in other Expert Advisors (EAs) and indicator developments. By adopting this modular design, we create a solid foundation for future enhancements, benefiting both our project and the broader developer community.
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Integrating MQL5 with data processing packages (Part 4): Big Data Handling

Integrating MQL5 with data processing packages (Part 4): Big Data Handling

Exploring advanced techniques to integrate MQL5 with powerful data processing tools, this part focuses on efficient handling of big data to enhance trading analysis and decision-making.
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Category Theory in MQL5 (Part 23): A different look at the Double Exponential Moving Average

Category Theory in MQL5 (Part 23): A different look at the Double Exponential Moving Average

In this article we continue with our theme in the last of tackling everyday trading indicators viewed in a ‘new’ light. We are handling horizontal composition of natural transformations for this piece and the best indicator for this, that expands on what we just covered, is the double exponential moving average (DEMA).
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Feature Engineering With Python And MQL5 (Part II): Angle Of Price

Feature Engineering With Python And MQL5 (Part II): Angle Of Price

There are many posts in the MQL5 Forum asking for help calculating the slope of price changes. This article will demonstrate one possible way of calculating the angle formed by the changes in price in any market you wish to trade. Additionally, we will answer if engineering this new feature is worth the extra effort and time invested. We will explore if the slope of the price can improve any of our AI model's accuracy when forecasting the USDZAR pair on the M1.
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Coral Reefs Optimization (CRO)

Coral Reefs Optimization (CRO)

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the Coral Reef Optimization (CRO) algorithm, a metaheuristic method inspired by the biological processes of coral reef formation and development. The algorithm models key aspects of coral evolution: broadcast spawning, brooding, larval settlement, asexual reproduction, and competition for limited reef space. Particular attention is paid to the improved version of the algorithm.
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Neural networks made easy (Part 65): Distance Weighted Supervised Learning (DWSL)

Neural networks made easy (Part 65): Distance Weighted Supervised Learning (DWSL)

In this article, we will get acquainted with an interesting algorithm that is built at the intersection of supervised and reinforcement learning methods.
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Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part IX): Code Organization (III): Communication Module

Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part IX): Code Organization (III): Communication Module

Join us for an in-depth discussion on the latest advancements in MQL5 interface design as we unveil the redesigned Communications Panel and continue our series on building the New Admin Panel using modularization principles. We'll develop the CommunicationsDialog class step by step, thoroughly explaining how to inherit it from the Dialog class. Additionally, we'll leverage arrays and ListView class in our development. Gain actionable insights to elevate your MQL5 development skills—read through the article and join the discussion in the comments section!
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MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 59): Reinforcement Learning (DDPG) with Moving Average and Stochastic Oscillator Patterns

MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 59): Reinforcement Learning (DDPG) with Moving Average and Stochastic Oscillator Patterns

We continue our last article on DDPG with MA and stochastic indicators by examining other key Reinforcement Learning classes crucial for implementing DDPG. Though we are mostly coding in python, the final product, of a trained network will be exported to as an ONNX to MQL5 where we integrate it as a resource in a wizard assembled Expert Advisor.
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Neural Network in Practice: Pseudoinverse (I)

Neural Network in Practice: Pseudoinverse (I)

Today we will begin to consider how to implement the calculation of pseudo-inverse in pure MQL5 language. The code we are going to look at will be much more complex for beginners than I expected, and I'm still figuring out how to explain it in a simple way. So for now, consider this an opportunity to learn some unusual code. Calmly and attentively. Although it is not aimed at efficient or quick application, its goal is to be as didactic as possible.
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Neural Networks Made Easy (Part 91): Frequency Domain Forecasting (FreDF)

Neural Networks Made Easy (Part 91): Frequency Domain Forecasting (FreDF)

We continue to explore the analysis and forecasting of time series in the frequency domain. In this article, we will get acquainted with a new method to forecast data in the frequency domain, which can be added to many of the algorithms we have studied previously.
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Developing a multi-currency Expert Advisor (Part 9): Collecting optimization results for single trading strategy instances

Developing a multi-currency Expert Advisor (Part 9): Collecting optimization results for single trading strategy instances

Let's outline the main stages of the EA development. One of the first things to be done will be to optimize a single instance of the developed trading strategy. Let's try to collect all the necessary information about the tester passes during the optimization in one place.
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Royal Flush Optimization (RFO)

Royal Flush Optimization (RFO)

The original Royal Flush Optimization algorithm offers a new approach to solving optimization problems, replacing the classic binary coding of genetic algorithms with a sector-based approach inspired by poker principles. RFO demonstrates how simplifying basic principles can lead to an efficient and practical optimization method. The article presents a detailed analysis of the algorithm and test results.
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Comet Tail Algorithm (CTA)

Comet Tail Algorithm (CTA)

In this article, we will look at the Comet Tail Optimization Algorithm (CTA), which draws inspiration from unique space objects - comets and their impressive tails that form when approaching the Sun. The algorithm is based on the concept of the motion of comets and their tails, and is designed to find optimal solutions in optimization problems.
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Developing a Replay System (Part 71): Getting the Time Right (IV)

Developing a Replay System (Part 71): Getting the Time Right (IV)

In this article, we will look at how to implement what was shown in the previous article related to our replay/simulation service. As in many other things in life, problems are bound to arise. And this case was no exception. In this article, we continue to improve things. The content presented here is intended solely for educational purposes. Under no circumstances should the application be viewed for any purpose other than to learn and master the concepts presented.
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One-Dimensional Singular Spectrum Analysis

One-Dimensional Singular Spectrum Analysis

The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method, which is an efficient method of time series analysis that allows one to represent the complex structure of a series as a decomposition into simple components, such as trend, seasonal (periodic) fluctuations and noise.
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Artificial Bee Hive Algorithm (ABHA): Tests and results

Artificial Bee Hive Algorithm (ABHA): Tests and results

In this article, we will continue exploring the Artificial Bee Hive Algorithm (ABHA) by diving into the code and considering the remaining methods. As you might remember, each bee in the model is represented as an individual agent whose behavior depends on internal and external information, as well as motivational state. We will test the algorithm on various functions and summarize the results by presenting them in the rating table.
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How to Connect AI Agents to MQL5 Algo Forge via MCP

How to Connect AI Agents to MQL5 Algo Forge via MCP

This article extends Part 1 by giving an AI access to the development lifecycle on MQL5 Algo Forge. We implement an MCP server over the Forgejo REST API so an agent can create repositories, commit Expert Advisors, branch from main, open pull requests, file issues, and tag releases. You will get a ready-to-run Python server, clear tools, and a safer, reversible workflow.
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Singular Spectrum Analysis in MQL5

Singular Spectrum Analysis in MQL5

This article is meant as a guide for those unfamiliar with the concept of Singular Spectrum Analysis and who wish to gain enough understanding to be able to apply the built-in tools available in MQL5.
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Integrating MQL5 with Data Processing Packages (Part 7): Building Multi-Agent Environments for Cross-Symbol Collaboration

Integrating MQL5 with Data Processing Packages (Part 7): Building Multi-Agent Environments for Cross-Symbol Collaboration

The article presents a complete Python–MQL5 integration for multi‑agent trading: MT5 data ingestion, indicator computation, per‑agent decisions, and a weighted consensus that outputs a single action. Signals are stored to JSON, served by Flask, and consumed by an MQL5 Expert Advisor for execution with position sizing and ATR‑derived SL/TP. Flask routes provide safe lifecycle control and status monitoring.
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Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part III): Extending Built-in Classes for Theme Management (II)

Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part III): Extending Built-in Classes for Theme Management (II)

In this discussion, we will carefully extend the existing Dialog library to incorporate theme management logic. Furthermore, we will integrate methods for theme switching into the CDialog, CEdit, and CButton classes utilized in our Admin Panel project. Continue reading for more insightful perspectives.
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Position Management: Scaling Into Winners With A Falling-Risk Pyramid

Position Management: Scaling Into Winners With A Falling-Risk Pyramid

We introduce CPyramidBridge, a thin MQL5 layer that maps bet-sizing results to CPyramidEngine. The bridge applies probability to initial lot sizing, enforces a capacity-aware entry gate, promotes add-ons from dynamic divergence, adapts the trailing stop to reserve estimates, and syncs signals on close, allowing an Expert Advisor to convert model confidence and concurrency into a structured, decreasing-risk pyramid.
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Reimagining Classic Strategies (Part 14): Multiple Strategy Analysis

Reimagining Classic Strategies (Part 14): Multiple Strategy Analysis

In this article, we continue our exploration of building an ensemble of trading strategies and using the MT5 genetic optimizer to tune the strategy parameters. Today, we analyzed the data in Python, showing our model could better predict which strategy would outperform, achieving higher accuracy than forecasting market returns directly. However, when we tested our application with its statistical models, our performance levels fell dismally. We subsequently discovered that the genetic optimizer unfortunately favored highly correlated strategies, prompting us to revise our method to keep vote weights fixed and focus optimization on indicator settings instead.
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From Novice to Expert: Developing a Geographic Market Awareness with MQL5 Visualization

From Novice to Expert: Developing a Geographic Market Awareness with MQL5 Visualization

Trading without session awareness is like navigating without a compass—you're moving, but not with purpose. Today, we're revolutionizing how traders perceive market timing by transforming ordinary charts into dynamic geographical displays. Using MQL5's powerful visualization capabilities, we'll build a live world map that illuminates active trading sessions in real-time, turning abstract market hours into intuitive visual intelligence. This journey sharpens your trading psychology and reveals professional-grade programming techniques that bridge the gap between complex market structure and practical, actionable insight.
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Neural Networks in Trading: Contrastive Pattern Transformer (Final Part)

Neural Networks in Trading: Contrastive Pattern Transformer (Final Part)

In the previous last article within this series, we looked at the Atom-Motif Contrastive Transformer (AMCT) framework, which uses contrastive learning to discover key patterns at all levels, from basic elements to complex structures. In this article, we continue implementing AMCT approaches using MQL5.