
Ensemble methods to enhance classification tasks in MQL5
In this article, we present the implementation of several ensemble classifiers in MQL5 and discuss their efficacy in varying situations.

Advanced Memory Management and Optimization Techniques in MQL5
Discover practical techniques to optimize memory usage in MQL5 trading systems. Learn to build efficient, stable, and fast-performing Expert Advisors and indicators. We’ll explore how memory really works in MQL5, the common traps that slow your systems down or cause them to fail, and — most importantly — how to fix them.

Developing a Replay System (Part 41): Starting the second phase (II)
If everything seemed right to you up to this point, it means you're not really thinking about the long term, when you start developing applications. Over time you will no longer need to program new applications, you will just have to make them work together. So let's see how to finish assembling the mouse indicator.

Gating mechanisms in ensemble learning
In this article, we continue our exploration of ensemble models by discussing the concept of gates, specifically how they may be useful in combining model outputs to enhance either prediction accuracy or model generalization.

Exploring Cryptography in MQL5: A Step-by-Step Approach
This article explores the integration of cryptography within MQL5, enhancing the security and functionality of trading algorithms. We’ll cover key cryptographic methods and their practical implementation in automated trading.

Developing an MQTT client for Metatrader 5: a TDD approach — Part 5
This article is the fifth part of a series describing our development steps of a native MQL5 client for the MQTT 5.0 protocol. In this part we describe the structure of PUBLISH packets, how we are setting their Publish Flags, encoding Topic Name(s) strings, and setting Packet Identifier(s) when required.

MQL5 Trading Toolkit (Part 5): Expanding the History Management EX5 Library with Position Functions
Discover how to create exportable EX5 functions to efficiently query and save historical position data. In this step-by-step guide, we will expand the History Management EX5 library by developing modules that retrieve key properties of the most recently closed position. These include net profit, trade duration, pip-based stop loss, take profit, profit values, and various other important details.

Population optimization algorithms: Bacterial Foraging Optimization - Genetic Algorithm (BFO-GA)
The article presents a new approach to solving optimization problems by combining ideas from bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithms and techniques used in the genetic algorithm (GA) into a hybrid BFO-GA algorithm. It uses bacterial swarming to globally search for an optimal solution and genetic operators to refine local optima. Unlike the original BFO, bacteria can now mutate and inherit genes.

Feature selection and dimensionality reduction using principal components
The article delves into the implementation of a modified Forward Selection Component Analysis algorithm, drawing inspiration from the research presented in “Forward Selection Component Analysis: Algorithms and Applications” by Luca Puggini and Sean McLoone.

Feature Engineering With Python And MQL5 (Part IV): Candlestick Pattern Recognition With UMAP Regression
Dimension reduction techniques are widely used to improve the performance of machine learning models. Let us discuss a relatively new technique known as Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP). This new technique has been developed to explicitly overcome the limitations of legacy methods that create artifacts and distortions in the data. UMAP is a powerful dimension reduction technique, and it helps us group similar candle sticks in a novel and effective way that reduces our error rates on out of sample data and improves our trading performance.

Data Science and ML (Part 36): Dealing with Biased Financial Markets
Financial markets are not perfectly balanced. Some markets are bullish, some are bearish, and some exhibit some ranging behaviors indicating uncertainty in either direction, this unbalanced information when used to train machine learning models can be misleading as the markets change frequently. In this article, we are going to discuss several ways to tackle this issue.

News Trading Made Easy (Part 4): Performance Enhancement
This article will dive into methods to improve the expert's runtime in the strategy tester, the code will be written to divide news event times into hourly categories. These news event times will be accessed within their specified hour. This ensures that the EA can efficiently manage event-driven trades in both high and low-volatility environments.

MQL5 Trading Toolkit (Part 6): Expanding the History Management EX5 Library with the Last Filled Pending Order Functions
Learn how to create an EX5 module of exportable functions that seamlessly query and save data for the most recently filled pending order. In this comprehensive step-by-step guide, we will enhance the History Management EX5 library by developing dedicated and compartmentalized functions to retrieve essential properties of the last filled pending order. These properties include the order type, setup time, execution time, filling type, and other critical details necessary for effective pending orders trade history management and analysis.

Mastering JSON: Create Your Own JSON Reader from Scratch in MQL5
Experience a step-by-step guide on creating a custom JSON parser in MQL5, complete with object and array handling, error checking, and serialization. Gain practical insights into bridging your trading logic and structured data with this flexible solution for handling JSON in MetaTrader 5.

Integrating MQL5 with data processing packages (Part 4): Big Data Handling
Exploring advanced techniques to integrate MQL5 with powerful data processing tools, this part focuses on efficient handling of big data to enhance trading analysis and decision-making.

Websockets for MetaTrader 5: Asynchronous client connections with the Windows API
This article details the development of a custom dynamically linked library designed to facilitate asynchronous websocket client connections for MetaTrader programs.

Population optimization algorithms: Resistance to getting stuck in local extrema (Part I)
This article presents a unique experiment that aims to examine the behavior of population optimization algorithms in the context of their ability to efficiently escape local minima when population diversity is low and reach global maxima. Working in this direction will provide further insight into which specific algorithms can successfully continue their search using coordinates set by the user as a starting point, and what factors influence their success.

Developing a Replay System (Part 56): Adapting the Modules
Although the modules already interact with each other properly, an error occurs when trying to use the mouse pointer in the replay service. We need to fix this before moving on to the next step. Additionally, we will fix an issue in the mouse indicator code. So this version will be finally stable and properly polished.

Stepwise feature selection in MQL5
In this article, we introduce a modified version of stepwise feature selection, implemented in MQL5. This approach is based on the techniques outlined in Modern Data Mining Algorithms in C++ and CUDA C by Timothy Masters.

Price-Driven CGI Model: Advanced Data Post-Processing and Implementation
In this article, we will explore the development of a fully customizable Price Data export script using MQL5, marking new advancements in the simulation of the Price Man CGI Model. We have implemented advanced refinement techniques to ensure that the data is user-friendly and optimized for animation purposes. Additionally, we will uncover the capabilities of Blender 3D in effectively working with and visualizing price data, demonstrating its potential for creating dynamic and engaging animations.

MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 29): Continuation on Learning Rates with MLPs
We wrap up our look at learning rate sensitivity to the performance of Expert Advisors by primarily examining the Adaptive Learning Rates. These learning rates aim to be customized for each parameter in a layer during the training process and so we assess potential benefits vs the expected performance toll.

Atmosphere Clouds Model Optimization (ACMO): Theory
The article is devoted to the metaheuristic Atmosphere Clouds Model Optimization (ACMO) algorithm, which simulates the behavior of clouds to solve optimization problems. The algorithm uses the principles of cloud generation, movement and propagation, adapting to the "weather conditions" in the solution space. The article reveals how the algorithm's meteorological simulation finds optimal solutions in a complex possibility space and describes in detail the stages of ACMO operation, including "sky" preparation, cloud birth, cloud movement, and rain concentration.

Creating a Trading Administrator Panel in MQL5 (Part X): External resource-based interface
Today, we are harnessing the capabilities of MQL5 to utilize external resources—such as images in the BMP format—to create a uniquely styled home interface for the Trading Administrator Panel. The strategy demonstrated here is particularly useful when packaging multiple resources, including images, sounds, and more, for streamlined distribution. Join us in this discussion as we explore how these features are implemented to deliver a modern and visually appealing interface for our New_Admin_Panel EA.

MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 60): Inference Learning (Wasserstein-VAE) with Moving Average and Stochastic Oscillator Patterns
We wrap our look into the complementary pairing of the MA & Stochastic oscillator by examining what role inference-learning can play in a post supervised-learning & reinforcement-learning situation. There are clearly a multitude of ways one can choose to go about inference learning in this case, our approach, however, is to use variational auto encoders. We explore this in python before exporting our trained model by ONNX for use in a wizard assembled Expert Advisor in MetaTrader.

Developing an MQTT client for Metatrader 5: a TDD approach — Part 6
This article is the sixth part of a series describing our development steps of a native MQL5 client for the MQTT 5.0 protocol. In this part we comment on the main changes in our first refactoring, how we arrived at a viable blueprint for our packet-building classes, how we are building PUBLISH and PUBACK packets, and the semantics behind the PUBACK Reason Codes.

Reimagining Classic Strategies (Part 14): High Probability Setups
High probability Setups are well known in our trading community, but regrettably they are not well-defined. In this article, we will aim to find an empirical and algorithmic way of defining exactly what is a high probability setup, identifying and exploiting them. By using Gradient Boosting Trees, we demonstrated how the reader can improve the performance of an arbitrary trading strategy and better communicate the exact job to be done to our computer in a more meaningful and explicit manner.

Atmosphere Clouds Model Optimization (ACMO): Practice
In this article, we will continue diving into the implementation of the ACMO (Atmospheric Cloud Model Optimization) algorithm. In particular, we will discuss two key aspects: the movement of clouds into low-pressure regions and the rain simulation, including the initialization of droplets and their distribution among clouds. We will also look at other methods that play an important role in managing the state of clouds and ensuring their interaction with the environment.

MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 40): Parabolic SAR
The Parabolic Stop-and-Reversal (SAR) is an indicator for trend confirmation and trend termination points. Because it is a laggard in identifying trends its primary purpose has been in positioning trailing stop losses on open positions. We, however, explore if indeed it could be used as an Expert Advisor signal, thanks to custom signal classes of wizard assembled Expert Advisors.

Header in the Connexus (Part 3): Mastering the Use of HTTP Headers for Requests
We continue developing the Connexus library. In this chapter, we explore the concept of headers in the HTTP protocol, explaining what they are, what they are for, and how to use them in requests. We cover the main headers used in communications with APIs, and show practical examples of how to configure them in the library.

Body in Connexus (Part 4): Adding HTTP body support
In this article, we explored the concept of body in HTTP requests, which is essential for sending data such as JSON and plain text. We discussed and explained how to use it correctly with the appropriate headers. We also introduced the ChttpBody class, part of the Connexus library, which will simplify working with the body of requests.

Developing a Replay System (Part 58): Returning to Work on the Service
After a break in development and improvement of the service used for replay/simulator, we are resuming work on it. Now that we've abandoned the use of resources like terminal globals, we'll have to completely restructure some parts of it. Don't worry, this process will be explained in detail so that everyone can follow the development of our service.

Trading with the MQL5 Economic Calendar (Part 7): Preparing for Strategy Testing with Resource-Based News Event Analysis
In this article, we prepare our MQL5 trading system for strategy testing by embedding economic calendar data as a resource for non-live analysis. We implement event loading and filtering for time, currency, and impact, then validate it in the Strategy Tester. This enables effective backtesting of news-driven strategies.

Mastering Log Records (Part 6): Saving logs to database
This article explores the use of databases to store logs in a structured and scalable way. It covers fundamental concepts, essential operations, configuration and implementation of a database handler in MQL5. Finally, it validates the results and highlights the benefits of this approach for optimization and efficient monitoring.

Mastering Log Records (Part 2): Formatting Logs
In this article, we will explore how to create and apply log formatters in the library. We will see everything from the basic structure of a formatter to practical implementation examples. By the end, you will have the necessary knowledge to format logs within the library, and understand how everything works behind the scenes.

MQL5 Wizard Techniques you should know (Part 30): Spotlight on Batch-Normalization in Machine Learning
Batch normalization is the pre-processing of data before it is fed into a machine learning algorithm, like a neural network. This is always done while being mindful of the type of Activation to be used by the algorithm. We therefore explore the different approaches that one can take in reaping the benefits of this, with the help of a wizard assembled Expert Advisor.

MQL5 Trading Toolkit (Part 7): Expanding the History Management EX5 Library with the Last Canceled Pending Order Functions
Learn how to complete the creation of the final module in the History Manager EX5 library, focusing on the functions responsible for handling the most recently canceled pending order. This will provide you with the tools to efficiently retrieve and store key details related to canceled pending orders with MQL5.

Connexus Observer (Part 8): Adding a Request Observer
In this final installment of our Connexus library series, we explored the implementation of the Observer pattern, as well as essential refactorings to file paths and method names. This series covered the entire development of Connexus, designed to simplify HTTP communication in complex applications.

Mastering Log Records (Part 4): Saving logs to files
In this article, I will teach you basic file operations and how to configure a flexible handler for customization. We will update the CLogifyHandlerFile class to write logs directly to the file. We will conduct a performance test by simulating a strategy on EURUSD for a week, generating logs at each tick, with a total time of 5 minutes and 11 seconds. The result will be compared in a future article, where we will implement a caching system to improve performance.

Developing a Replay System (Part 63): Playing the service (IV)
In this article, we will finally solve the problems with the simulation of ticks on a one-minute bar so that they can coexist with real ticks. This will help us avoid problems in the future. The material presented here is for educational purposes only. Under no circumstances should the application be viewed for any purpose other than to learn and master the concepts presented.

Mastering Log Records (Part 3): Exploring Handlers to Save Logs
In this article, we will explore the concept of handlers in the logging library, understand how they work, and create three initial implementations: Console, Database, and File. We will cover everything from the basic structure of handlers to practical testing, preparing the ground for their full functionality in future articles.