Time Close and Drawdown Manager

Why do you need this script? If you have lots of analyzed orders in Excel where need to be placed on MT5 , this script will be very handy and time saver for you. All your orders are processed in seconds and your order's results are written to an output file. Send Orders from Excel to Metatrader with Zero Latency How it works? 1. Prepare  .xls file and save it as ...MQL5\Files\Excel_to_Orders.csv Input csv structure: Ref no (string) [   free format unique ref no , it is up to you.   ] Symbol (str

The utility opens copies of open trades. It is very convenient if you use the   Signals   service and want to increase the volume of transactions. Settings: Symbols: all symbols only current symbol Orders: Buy Sell Magic Any Magic Input Magic Lot size Original - lot size from original order; Fix Lot - fix lot size (input); Lot X Mult - lot size X koef; Stop Loss From sender - Stop Loss from original; Without - without Stop Loss; Plus Fix - Stop Loss from original order + fix points; Fix Point

Script for quickly selecting a tool with high correlation. The script is placed on the tool to which you need to select the second correlating one. Then you can change the number of bars to calculate and the timeframe. The script iterates through all available symbols in the market overview and returns the 20 most correlated ones. You can use the selected pairs to trade with THE new SH expert Advisor

A script for quick reversing positions and/or orders. If you need to reverse a position with the same volume, open an opposite position of a different volume, this script will save you from routine! Allow AutoTrading before running the script. Instructions: Run the script on the chart. This script is a limited version of the market product https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/638 and allows reversing only positions. Input parameters are not required. Parameters such as changing the type of exi

The ZoomIN MT5 indicator is designed for quickly viewing the selected bar on the smaller timeframes in a pop-up window. Once launched, the indicator works in the background, does not take up space on the chart and does not consume system resources. When the indicator is activated by the Shift + i combination (can be changed in the settings), a pop-up window with a chart of a smaller timeframe is created. The displayed timeframe can be changed by a left-click on the magnifying glass icon. To hide

Indicator measures strength of each currency in your list. Main idea: It simply iterates through all combinations of pairs and adds difference between open and close in percent. Parameters: List of currencies - what currencies will be calculated (maximum is 8) Calculation type - from which data will be strength calculated Calculation data input - used as input related to calculation type Symbol suffix - used in case of suffix on symbols, e.g: when your symbols look like EURUSDm, EURUSDmicro et

Tick Volume Chart — fixed volume bars for MetaTrader 5 The utility creates charts on which each candle has a fixed tick volume. Data sampling is carried out not by time but by the tick volume. Each bar contains a given (fixed) tick volume. The tick volume can be adjusted by changing the value in a special field. You can apply indicators, Expert Advisors and scripts to the tick chart. You get a fully functional chart, on which you can work just as well as on a regular chart. The graph is built no

The indicator analyzes the volume scale and splits it into two components - seller volumes and buyer volumes, and also calculates the delta and cumulative delta. The indicator does not flicker or redraw, its calculation and plotting are performed fairly quickly, while using the data from the smaller (relative to the current) periods. The indicator operation modes can be switched using the Mode input variable: Buy - display only the buyer volumes. Sell - display only the seller volumes. BuySell -

The Analytical cover trend indicator is a revolutionary trend trading and filtering solution with all the important features of a trend tool built into one tool! The Analytical cover indicator is good for any trader, suitable for any trader for both forex and binary options. You don’t need to configure anything, everything is perfected by time and experience, it works great during a flat and in a trend. The Analytical cover trend indicator is a tool for technical analysis of financial markets

¿Quiere intercambiar y publicar sus señales en el canal de telegramas? Entonces esta utilidad es para ti. - Operaciones en su terminal - Publica ofertas en su canal de telegramas Sus clientes estarán encantados de: - a partir de 5 señales diarias - hermoso diseño de señales Personalización Servicio -> Configuración -> Asesores expertos -> Permitir WebRequest para las siguientes URL: https://api.telegram.org En Telegram, ve a @BotFather y crea un bot Copia el Token del bot e introd

Lot Size Calculation, based on mouse click on the start and click on the end of the measure! For proper measurement click with the middle mouse button then choose the first value then right click and drag until the last price you want then release the right button It shows the Stop Loss with minimum lots, your ideal lots, and the Stop Loss in price. Everything is based on a Percentage or Cash Risk per Trade, if is Percentage, you can choose between compound and a fix account value. To use curr

You can download the Full version with more features here . Introduction Harmonic Patterns are best used to predict turning point. Harmonic Patterns give you high win rate and high opportunities for trade in during one day. This indicator detects the best and successful patterns base on Harmonic Trading books by Mr. Scott M.. Main Features Detect the best and   most successful patterns : Gartley, Bat, Crab, Butterfly, Cypher, Shark, Alt_Bat, Deep_Crab Easy-to-use and user friendly indicator Sca

This indicator allows to know the remaining time before the closing of the candle. It works on every timeframe. It is very usefull when your trading strategy depend of the close or the open of a specific candle. So use it like you want. Don't forget to leave a comment or a request for a EA or an indicator. Also spread it to your friends and don't hesitate to visit my profile to see others tools.

Object Synchronizer MT5 : Better focus/analysis of the price chart in many timeframes. Are you bored to save and load template many times for the same symbol for many chart timeframes? Here is the alternative. With this indicator, you enjoy creating objects across many charts, you can modify the same object in any chart, you can delete the same object in any chart. All objects you created/modified are always synchronized across all chart windows (with the same symbol). Save your time, you can fo

This indicator is especially for the binary trading. Time frame is 1 minutes and exp time 5 or 3 minutes only. You must be use martingale 3 step. So you must put lots size is 10 % at most. You should use Mt2 trading platform to connect with my indicator to get more signal without human working. This indicator wining rate is over 80% but you may get 100% of profit by using martingale 3 step. You should use MT2 Trading Platform to connect meta trader platform and binary platform . You can get mt2

The TradeHistoryParsing is a utility for working with the trade history obtained from the MetaTrader 5 terminal. The product is based on the " RegularExpressions in MQL5 " library. It allows to quickly get the required data on your trading history. The filtering results are displayed as a table, a summary of mathematical statistics is provided below the table. Working with the tool Export the trade report as an html file and place it into the "sandbox". After that, when launching the EA, speci

Market Profile 3 MetaTrader 5 indicator  version 4.70— is a classic Market Profile implementation that can show the price density over time, outlining the most important price levels, value area, and control value of a given trading session. This indicator can be attached to timeframes between M1 and D1 and will show the Market Profile for daily, weekly, monthly, or even intraday sessions. Lower timeframes offer higher precision. Higher timeframes are recommended for better visibility. It is als

Free version. Only works on EURUSD. Would you like to have statistics about your trades displayed while you operate? Have you a solid understanding of the symbol you are trading? Do you really know everything you need to about your trading account? Do you need to keep an eye on the local times around the world? Advanced Info Displayer answers to all that. It helps you to know many hidden or hard to find data. Also, it is very convenient if you value statistics and maths. Just to exemplify, in mo

This indicator will mirror the assets in use in another metatrader, being able to choose the timeframe and a template. This is the Metatrader 5 Client, it needs the Metatrader 4 or 5 Server versions: Metatrader 4 Mirror Chart Server:   https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/88644 Metatrader 5 Mirror Chart Server: https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/88652 Details of how it works in the video.

This Tradepanel is an Utility for Traders Who want ot use Basic MoneyManagement for Calculation of Lotsize  I have created the basic edition only to give an Overview with Limited Functionality Full Features are available with  Auto TradePanel  Pro. (This is Only Because it can not be Tested in Strategy Tester ).  Complete Description is available at  "Auto TradePanel Pro".  in This Version Basic Functionality ( Calculation of Lotsize ) open /close Positions is working in the same way as in Pro

The 9-5 Count is designed to track a very powerful cycle that runs through all freely traded markets. This is not a time cycle but a price cycle. The time spent between two points is not as important as the price traveled between them. The 9-5 Count is called that because one complete upward cycle consists of measurement of 9 units plus 5 units of cycle time.   This tool takes into account price and pattern together, so it’s more than just a simple cycle. The 9-5 theory classifies market movemen

This tool will allow you to export the Historical data (Open, High, Low, Close, Volume) for any financial instrument present in your MetaTrader 5. You can download multiple Symbols and TimeFrames in the same csv file. Also, you can schedule the frequency of download (every 5 minutes, 60 minutes, etc.). No need to open a lot of charts in order to get the last data, the tool will download the data directly. The CSV File will be stored in the folder: \MQL5\Files . How it works Select the Symbols

Сonverter for historical data files(TICKS) from external sources like ducascopy or others sources of non-standard .csv quotes. The output format is compatible with MetaTrader5 and can be imported to MetaTrader5. The script can process multiple files(batch), see parameter "Convert all files in folder Files/FrankEditor". User can choose output timeframe, months and other options. Input files should contain raw tick data and look like(UTC or EET time): GBPUSD_Ticks_2014.01.01_202

BUY INDICATOR AND GET EA FOR FREE AS A BONUS + SOME OTHER GIFTS! ITALO TREND INDICATOR  is the best trend indicator on the market, the Indicator works on all time-frames and assets, indicator built after 6 years of experience on forex and many other markets. You know many trend indicators around the internet are not complete, does not help, and it's difficult to trade, but the Italo Trend Indicator is different , the Italo Trend Indicator shows the signal to buy or sell, to confirm the signal t

The utility TradeKeeper Lite can show your profits for different periods and bip a sound when you reach a profit target value. Click the tachometer to quickly switch to the next profit period. There are 5 of them: This Day, This Week, This Month, Last 90 Days and All I Made. With the utility TradeKeeper Pro , available at this link , you can also open trades with a magic number and volume of your choice, trail any orders with a simple trail or iSAR-based trail, as well as close any open trades a

Indicador de líneas importantes (M1 - M15) Este indicador muestra Líneas pivote, Día anterior alta y baja, Cierre día anterior y el mínimo y máximo de la hora anterior. Simplemente tiene que arrastrar ese único indicador al diagrama para tener todas esas líneas importantes. Puede evitar cargar muchos indicadores individuales. ¿Por qué ciertas líneas son tan importantes cuando se comercia? El día a día, alto y bajo: estos son observados por los comerciantes que comercian en un gráfico dia

Order Book, known also as Market Book, market depth, Level 2, - is a dynamically updated table with current volumes of orders to buy and to sell specific financial instument at price levels near Bid and Ask. MetaTrader 5 provides the means for receiving market book from your broker, but in real time only, without access to its history. The indicator OrderBook Cumulative Indicator accumulates market book data online and visualizes them on the chart. In addition, the indicator can show the market

Fibonacci Retracement EA This is an EA 100% focused on Fibonacci Retracement, uses real Fibonacci levels, it is not a EA that opens orders all the time, does not use Grid, Hedge and Martingale, would never have a big DD, only Fibonacci levels for entry, take profit and stop loss, has up to 3 take profits, there is the option of breakeven, timer, money management, trend filter, a sophisticated news, this EA has many options in its settings, you can backtest dozens, hundreds of different combi

Boleta de negociação, adiciona automáticamente as ordens Take Profit e Stop Loss quando excutada uma ordem de compra ou venda. Ao apertar as teclas de atalho (A, D, ou TAB), serão inseridas duas linhas de pre-visualização, representando as futuras ordens de take profit (azul) e stop loss (vermelho), as quais irão manter o distanciamento especificado pelo usuário. Ditas ordens só serão adicionadas ao ser executada a ordem inicial. Ao operar a mercado, as ordens pendentes de take profit, e stop lo

Ayuda a calcular el riesgo por operación, la fácil instalación de una nueva orden, gestión de órdenes con funciones de cierre parcial, trailing stop de 7 tipos y otras funciones útiles. Atención, la aplicación no funciona en el probador de estrategias. Puede descargar la versión Demo en la página de descripción  Manual, Description, Download demo Función de línea -   Muestra en el gráfico la línea de apertura, Stop Loss, Take Profit. Con esta función es fácil establecer una nueva orden y ver

¿Crees que en mercados donde el precio puede cambiar en una fracción de segundo, realizar pedidos debería ser lo más sencillo posible? En Metatrader, cada vez que desee abrir una orden, debe abrir una ventana donde ingrese el precio de apertura, stop loss y take profit, así como el tamaño de la operación. Al operar en los mercados financieros, la gestión del capital es fundamental para mantener su depósito inicial y multiplicarlo. Entonces, cuando quiera realizar un pedido, probablemente se preg

Trade Panel es un asistente comercial multifuncional que lo ayudará a realizar tratos de manera rápida y conveniente, y a administrar correctamente los pedidos. La utilidad contiene más de 50 funciones para el comercio y le permite automatizar la mayoría de las acciones comerciales. No necesita calcular el riesgo antes de cada operación, la utilidad lo calculará todo por sí misma. Simplemente especifique el porcentaje de riesgo una vez, y la utilidad aplicará este riesgo para cada operación, sel

El programa le permite copiar localmente transacciones entre diferentes cuentas de MetaTrader 4 y MetaTrader 5 en cualquier dirección y cantidad de la manera más rápida y sencilla posible: una interfaz intuitiva le permite comprender rápidamente la configuración principal del programa sin leer descripciones adicionales, y una potente funcionalidad satisfará la demanda incluso de un usuario exigente. El programa está diseñado para funcionar en "Windows PC" y "Windows VPS". Cualquier tipo de copia

Drag and Drop Trade Manager. Draw your entry and have the tool calculate the rest. Advanced targeting and close portions of a trade directly available in tool (manage trades while you sleep). Market order or limit order on either side with factored spread. Just draw the entry, the tool does the rest. Hotkey setup to make it simple. Draw where you want to enter, and the stop loss, the tool calculates all necessary risk with your desired % risk. Check out the video for a breakdown of how it looks

Local Trade Copier EA MT5   es la copiadora comercial más rápida y fácil de usar con una configuración rápida de 1 minuto. Copia transacciones entre dos o más terminales MetaTrader instaladas en la misma   computadora con Windows   o   VPS con Windows .   Local Trade Copier EA MT5   también puede actuar como un multiplicador de tamaño de lote de señal, si desea aumentar el tamaño de lote de su suscripción de señal. Sugerencia: puede descargar y probar la versión de demostración de Local Trade C

Herramienta multifuncional con más de 65 funciones, incluidas: Calculadora de lotaje, Acción del precio, Calculo RR, Gestor de posiciones, Zonas de Oferta y Demanda Versión demo   |   Manual de usuario   |   MT4 La utilidad no funciona en el probador de estrategias: puede descargar la   Versión Demo AQUÍ   para probar el producto. Pongase en contacto   conmigo para cualquier pregunta / ideas para mejorar / en caso de encontrar un problema Simplifica, acelera y automatiza su operativa de tradi

Advanced trading tool: One click smart orders that execute under your conditions Developed by trader for trading community:  position size calculator (lot size), open position after price action, strategy builder, set and forget trading, mobile notifications... Risk Management -  Risk percentage position size calculator, gain percentage, target risk reward ratio, spread and commissions are included in calculations 7 Advanced order types  - Set and forget trading with price action automation (O

The product will copy all telegram signal to MT5 ( which you are member) , also it can work as remote copier.  Easy to set up, copy order instant, can work with almost signal formats, image signal,  s upport to translate other language to English Work with all type of channel or group, even channel have "Restrict Saving Content", work with  multi channel, multi MT5 Work as remote copier: with signal have ticket number, it will copy exactly via ticket number. Support to backtest signal. How to s

MT5 to Telegram Signal Provider   es una utilidad fácil de usar y totalmente personalizable que permite el envío de señales   especificadas   al chat, canal o grupo de Telegram, convirtiendo tu cuenta en un   proveedor de señales . A diferencia de la mayoría de los productos de la competencia, no utiliza importaciones DLL. Versión MT4:   https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/63550 Configuración Una guía de usuario paso a paso está disponible en:   https://www.mql5.com/en/blogs/post/74783

Saludos compañeros traders. El trading es un trabajo difícil, y los comerciantes de Prop Firms lo sabemos bien. Desafíos por los que hemos navegado, incontables horas de análisis de gráficos y mejora de estrategias, frustración por desafíos fallidos y la pura alegría del primer pago. Nuestros esfuerzos nos han convertido en lo que somos hoy: el 0,2 % de los comerciantes más importantes del mundo. Felicidades, has venido al lugar correcto si eres parte de este selecto grupo y deseas mantener esa

Trade Copier es una utilidad profesional diseñada para copiar y sincronizar operaciones entre cuentas comerciales. La copia ocurre desde la cuenta / terminal del proveedor a la cuenta / terminal del destinatario, instalada en la misma computadora o vps. Antes de comprar, puede probar la versión de demostración en una cuenta de demostración. Versión de demostración aquí . Instrucciones completas aquí . Principales funcionalidades y beneficios: Admite la copia de MT5> MT5, MT4> MT5, MT5> MT4, incl

El panel de operaciones se limita a la gestión de órdenes, tanto las que se abren mediante botones como las que abre el usuario. Simple y conveniente en la Colección. Complementará a cualquier comprador. Recomiendo usarlo junto con el indicador Gold Stuff. Configure el comercio como órdenes individuales y construya una cuadrícula con una distancia. Para crear una cuadrícula estándar, simplemente establezca una distancia grande, como 10000. Los resultados en tiempo real se pueden ver aquí. ¡

This is exactly what the name says. Visual strategy builder . One of a kind. Turn your trading strategies and ideas into Expert Advisors without writing single line of code. Generate mql source code files with a few clicks and get your fully functional Expert Advisors, which are ready for live execution, strategy tester and cloud optimization. There are very few options for those who have no programming skills and can not create their trading solutions in the MQL language. Now, with Bots Build

Panel de comercio para operar en 1 clic. ¡Trabajando con posiciones y pedidos! Operar desde el gráfico o desde el teclado. Con nuestro panel de operaciones, puede operar con un clic del gráfico y realizar operaciones comerciales 30 veces más rápido que el control estándar de MetaTrader. Cálculos automáticos de parámetros y funciones que facilitan la vida de un comerciante y lo ayudan a realizar sus actividades comerciales de manera mucho más rápida y conveniente. Consejos gráficos e informació

Everything for chart Technical Analysis indicator mt5 in one tool Draw your supply demand zone with rectangle and support resistance with trendline and get alerts to mobile phone or email alert -  Risk reward indicator mt5 Video tutorials and manuals   here .  Find contacts on my   profile . 1.   Extend rectangle and trendline into future -  Trend Support Resistance Object will be extended into future when price will draw new candlesticks on chart. This is rectangle extender or trendline exte

The top-selling EAs on the market cost a lot and one day they are suddenly gone. This is because one strategy will not work in the forex market all the time. Our product is unique from all others in the MQL Marketplace because our EA comes with 34+ built-in indicators that allow adding more strategies every time.  You build your strategy and keep updating it. If one strategy does not work, simply build another all using only one EA. This is All-In-One EA in this market place. You can use as trad

Auto Trade Copier está diseñado para copiar los oficios entre múltiples cuentas MT5 / terminales con una precisión absoluta. Con esta herramienta, puede actuar como proveedor (fuente ) o receptor (destino ) . Cada acciones comerciales podrán ser clonados del proveedor al receptor sin demora. Las siguientes son las funciones destacadas :     Cambie entre proveedores o función del receptor en una sola herramienta.     Un proveedor puede copiar los oficios a las cuentas de múltiples receptor

Two quick answers for frequently asked questions: 1. If it's your first time to buy at MetaQuotes Market and don't know how/where to install your purchased EA, please follow MetaQuotes official guide here . If MT5 trade symbol name is different with cTrader's, please set 'Symbol Map List' variable at MT5 signal EA as explained at below instructions.  2. If you're looking for evaluation, please find the demo copy and cTrader cBot copier user guide and download link from this blog .

Expert Advisor Risk Manager para MT5 es un programa muy importante y, en mi opinión, necesario para todos los comerciantes. Con este Asesor Experto podrá controlar el riesgo en su cuenta de operaciones. El control de riesgos y beneficios puede realizarse tanto en términos monetarios como porcentuales. Para que el Asesor Experto funcione, simplemente adjúntelo al gráfico de pares de divisas y establezca los valores de riesgo aceptables en la divisa de depósito o en % del saldo actual. Func

Strategy Builder offers an incredible amount of functionality. It combines a trade panel with configurable automation (covert indicators into an EA), real-time statistics (profit & draw down) plus automatic optimization of SL, TP/exit, trading hours, indicator inputs. Multiple indicators can be combined into an single alert/trade signal and can include custom indicators, even if just have ex4 file or purchased from Market. The system is easily configured via a CONFIG button and associated pop-u

Les presento un robot útil que yo mismo llevo usando desde hace varios años. Es posible utilizarlo tanto en el modo semiautomático como en el totalmente automático. El programa contiene configuraciones flexibles de comercio para operar con las noticias del calendario económico. No se puede comprobar en el probador de estrategias. Únicamente el trabajo real. En la configuración del terminal, es necesario agregar a la lista de las URL permitidas una página WEB de noticias. Haga clic en Servicio >

Comprehensive on chart trade panel with the unique ability to be controllable from mobile as well. Plus has a library of downloadable configuration, e.g. exit rules, extra panel buttons, pending order setup and more. Please see our product video. Works with all symbols not just currency pairs. Features On chart panel plus controllable from free app for Windows, iPhone and Android Built-in script engine with library of downloadable configuration, e.g. add 'Close All Trades in Profit' button, exit

The product is used to trade base on Alert signal from Tradingview with support of an application "Tradingview To MetaTrader". You can download the Demo version on the description   page Easy to setup, simple format with custom keyword, do not need to open Internet browser to get alert Allow g et   popup alert   from one or more   Tradingview account All option to management orders as trailing stop, breakeen, partial close, time filter, news filter ... Option to auto open grid orders How to setu

The Expert Advisor is a risk manager helping users to control their trading. In the settings, it is possible to specify the parameters at which the risk manager force closes the opened trades and closes the terminal as well, if it is needed to prevent opening trades on emotions, which do not correspond to the trading strategy. Risk Manager settings Check limit to close   - check the equity limit Limit to close   - equity limit that is taken into account Check day limit to close   - check the

This EA Utility allows you to manage (with advanced filtering) unlimited open orders (manual or EA) with 16 trailing stop methods: fixed, percent, ATR Exit, Chandelier Exit, Moving Average, Candle High Low Exit, Bollinger Bands, Parabolic, Envelope, Fractal, Ichimoku Kijun-Sen, Alligator, Exit After X Minutes or Bars, RSI and Stochastic. The trailing stop can be either real or virtual, and you can exit fully or with a partial close percent on touch or bar close.  Moreover, you can add (overri

El Asesor Experto protegerá su cuenta de pérdidas inesperadas al monitorear constantemente la equidad y seguir las reglas según la entrada en los parámetros.   Cuando se infringen las reglas, el EA cerrará todas las operaciones.   Puede configurar el EA para que cierre todas las operaciones con un determinado porcentaje o pérdida de dinero, o para que cierre con un determinado porcentaje o ganancia de dinero.   ¡Esta utilidad es muy útil para los Desafíos comerciales de apoyo para mantener el so

Tome el control de su cartera de divisas. ¡Vea instantáneamente dónde se encuentra, qué funciona y qué le causa dolor! VERSIÓN MT4 DISPONIBLE AQUÍ: https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/58375 El Trade Manager Dashboard está diseñado para mostrarle de un vistazo dónde se encuentra actualmente cada posición que tiene en el mercado de divisas, y hacer que la gestión de riesgos y la exposición a las divisas sean más fáciles de entender. Para los comerciantes que escalan gradualmente en el mercad

Unlimited Trade Copier Pro MT5 is a tool to copy trade remotely between multiple MT4/MT5 accounts at different computers/locations over internet. This is an ideal solution for signal provider, who want to share his trade with the others globally on his own rules. One provider can copy trades to multiple receivers and one receiver can get trade from multiple providers as well. The provider can even set the subscription expiry for each receiver, so that receiver will not be able to receive the sig

The Expert Advisor will send notifications via Discord when orders are opened/modified/closed on your MetaTrader 5 account. - Send message and screenshot to Discord group/channel.  - Easy to customize message.  - Support custom message for all languages - Support full Emoji.  Parameters - Discord url Webhook - create webhook on your Discord channel. - Magic number filter - default all, or input magic number to notify with comma, like: 111,222,333. - Symbol filter - default all, or input symbo

NEW VERSION: NOW YOU CAN SET DIFFERENT CLOSE TIME ON INDIVIDUAL DAYS A tool to close your trades at a specified time and/or when it reaches a set drawdown percentage. Function: Close trades and delete pending orders at a specified day and time of the day. Close trades and delete pending orders and prevent new orders from being opened when account balance or equity exceeds maximum drawdown percent. Features: Option to close trades and delete pending orders by: Magic number, manual trades