Discussing the article: "Bonobo Optimizer (BO)"
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Check out the new article: Bonobo Optimizer (BO).
The BO algorithm implements three different mating strategies that mimic the actual behavior of bonobos. The first strategy is a randomized choice, in which a bonobo produces an offspring by moving simultaneously toward the alpha bonobo (the best solution) and toward a random partner from the subgroup. For example, if the current bonobo is at point X=5, the alpha is at X=10, and a random partner is at X=7, then the offspring may end up roughly at X=7.5, taking a step toward the best solution while incorporating a bit of diversity from the partner. The coefficients scab=1.25 and scsb=1.3 control the size of these steps; they can be greater than one, which sometimes allows the algorithm to jump over the best solution in order to explore the region beyond it.
The second strategy is “extra-group mating,” which occurs with low probability and mimics a situation in which a bonobo seeks a mate from another group. In this case, an offspring is created using information about the population boundaries — the locations of the most extreme bonobos for each coordinate. The algorithm examines the position of the alpha bonobo relative to the current individual and decides whether to move toward the upper or lower bound of the range, using exponential "beta" coefficients that create nonlinear jumps in the solution space. For example, if the alpha bonobo is to the right of the current bonobo, the offspring jumps to the right toward the upper bound; if the alpha bonobo is to the left, it jumps to the left toward the lower bound. This helps explore the outer regions of the search space.
The third strategy is "consortship mating," in which two bonobos form a temporary pair and an offspring is created as a combination of their positions through directed movement. The "direction" flag plays an important role here; it is determined by comparing the fitness of the current bonobo and its partner. If the current bonobo is better than its partner, then direction=1 and the movement is away from the partner; if it is worse, then direction=-1 and the movement is toward the partner. For example, if two bonobos are at points X=5 and X=8, and the first is better, then the offspring is created approximately at X=4 or X=6, moving away from the worse partner; and if the first is worse, then the offspring will be closer to X=8, moving toward the better of the two solutions. The "exp(-random)" coefficient creates decaying steps that decrease over time.
Author: Andrey Dik